Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Followed by Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy in the Treatment of Staghorn Calculi.
- Author:
Byong Ha IN
1
;
Joon Chul KIM
;
Tae Kon HWANG
Author Information
1. Department of Urology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea. tkhwang@cmc.cuk.ac.kr
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
Kidney calculi;
Lithotripsy;
Endoscopy
- MeSH:
Calculi*;
Dilatation;
Endoscopy;
Humans;
Kidney Calculi;
Lithotripsy*;
Nephrostomy, Percutaneous*;
Shock*;
Stents;
Ureter
- From:Korean Journal of Urology
2002;43(7):539-546
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:Korean
-
Abstract:
PURPOSE: The results of a combined approach of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) and shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) for the first treatment of staghorn calculi were analysed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The primary PNLs, followed by secondary SWL when necessary, were performed in 31 complete and 19 partial staghorn stones. All stone sizes ranged from 344 to 3,224mm2 (mean 1,166.6mm2). The success rate and many other factors, including the initial size and completion of the stone, an associated calyceal dilatation, the debulking rate of PNL, etc were analyzed. The data over the past 7.5 years was compared with the data from the previous 6 years. RESULTS: The overall success rate was 88% (complete, 83.9%; partial, 94.7%), which was achieved by PNL alone in 19 cases and an additional SWL in 25 cases. Combination therapy showed the best results, when the area of the remnant stones was <=300mm2 or 20% of the initial stone after endoscopic debulking. Large stones, >=2,000mm2 in surface area, showed poor results in the combined treatment. Calyceal dilatation and ureteral stenting did not significantly affect the success rate. With time and experience, the success rate improved despite the decreased primary debulking rate, number of percutaneous procedures, and theater time, although this was no statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Combined treatment is a good choice. It is efficient and minimally invasive for managing most standard patients with staghorn calculi, especially those <=2,000mm2 in surface area. The remnant stones, in locations difficult to access with PNL, could be safely pulverized with a consecutive SWL rather than a more aggressive PNL.
