Host immune responses to mycobacterial antigens and their implications for the development of a vaccine to control tuberculosis.
10.7774/cevr.2014.3.2.155
- Author:
Jae Min YUK
1
;
Eun Kyeong JO
Author Information
1. Department of Microbiology and Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea. hayoungj@cnu.ac.kr
- Publication Type:Review
- Keywords:
Tuberculosis;
BCG vaccine;
Host-pathogen interactions;
Innate immunity;
Aadaptive immunity
- MeSH:
Autophagy;
BCG Vaccine;
Host-Pathogen Interactions;
Immunity, Innate;
Mycobacterium tuberculosis;
Tuberculosis*;
Vaccines
- From:Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research
2014;3(2):155-167
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a worldwide health problem, causing around 2 million deaths per year. Despite the bacillus Calmette Guerin vaccine being available for more than 80 years, it has limited effectiveness in preventing TB, with inconsistent results in trials. This highlights the urgent need to develop an improved TB vaccine, based on a better understanding of host-pathogen interactions and immune responses during mycobacterial infection. Recent studies have revealed a potential role for autophagy, an intracellular homeostatic process, in vaccine development against TB, through enhanced immune activation. This review attempts to understand the host innate immune responses induced by a variety of protein antigens from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and to identify future vaccine candidates against TB. We focus on recent advances in vaccine development strategies, through identification of new TB antigens using a variety of innovative tools. A new understanding of the host-pathogen relationship, and the usefulness of mycobacterial antigens as novel vaccine candidates, will contribute to the design of the next generation of vaccines, and to improving the host protective immune responses while limiting immunopathology during M. tuberculosis infection.
