Expression of Toll-like Receptor 2 in Cultured Human Keratinocytes: The Effect of Bacterial Antigens, Cytokines and Calcium Concentration.
- Author:
Bark Lynn LEW
1
;
Woo Young SIM
;
Nack In KIM
Author Information
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords: Calcium; Cytokine; Keratinocyte; Microbacterial antigen; Toll-like receptor 2
- MeSH: Antigens, Bacterial; Bacterial Proteins; Blotting, Western; Calcium; Cytokines; Humans; Keratinocytes; Lipopolysaccharides; RNA, Messenger; Streptolysins; Teichoic Acids; Toll-Like Receptor 2; Toll-Like Receptors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
- From:Annals of Dermatology 2009;21(4):337-344
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
- Abstract: BACKGROUND: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are expressed by human epidermal keratinocytes and are involved in immune responses. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this was to investigate the expression of TLR2 in response to bacterial antigens, cytokines, and different calcium concentrations. METHODS: The expression of TLR2 was assessed after stimulation by lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and streptolysin O (SLO). In addition, TLR2 expression was evaluated after treatment with IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha, and different concentrations of calcium. The expression levels of TLR2 mRNA and protein were studied using RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. RESULTS: Cultured human epidermal keratinocytes constitutively expressed TLR2 and the expression was stimulated by LTA and SLO; in addition, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha upregulated TLR2 expression. However, the changes in TLR2 expression associated with the calcium concentrations were insignificant. CONCLUSION: TLR2 expression increased with the concentration and duration of bacterial pathogens and this increase was amplified by several cytokines, from activated keratinocytes and other cells.
