Gender Differences in the Association between Depressive Symptoms and Carotid Atherosclerosis among Middle-Aged and Older Koreans: The Namwon Study.
10.3346/jkms.2014.29.11.1507
- Author:
Young Hoon LEE
1
;
Min Ho SHIN
;
Jin Su CHOI
;
Hae Sung NAM
;
Seul Ki JEONG
;
Kyeong Soo PARK
;
Seong Woo CHOI
;
Sun Seog KWEON
Author Information
1. Department of Preventive Medicine & Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Korea.
- Publication Type:Original Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Keywords:
Depression;
Atherosclerosis;
Carotid Intima-Media Thickness;
Carotid Plaque Formation
- MeSH:
Aged;
Alcohol Drinking;
Asian Continental Ancestry Group;
Carotid Artery Diseases/complications/*diagnosis/ultrasonography;
Carotid Intima-Media Thickness;
Cross-Sectional Studies;
Depression/*diagnosis/etiology/pathology;
Female;
Humans;
Male;
Middle Aged;
Odds Ratio;
Psychiatric Status Rating Scales;
Questionnaires;
Republic of Korea;
Risk Factors;
Sex Factors;
Smoking
- From:Journal of Korean Medical Science
2014;29(11):1507-1513
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
We investigated the association of depressive symptoms with carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaques in the general Korean population. A total of 7,554 Korean males and females aged 45-74 yr who were free from cardiovascular diseases were included in the analyses. Depressive symptoms were assessed by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Subjects with a score of > or =16 were classified as having clinically significant depressive symptoms. Carotid ultrasonography was used to measure mean carotid IMT (C-IMT) and to determine the presence of plaques. A significant association between depressive symptoms and C-IMT was observed only in females. After adjustment for established cardiovascular risk factors, females with depressive symptoms had significantly greater C-IMT than females without depressive symptoms (mean difference 0.011+/-0.004 mm; 95% confidence interval, 0.003-0.019 mm). Compared with controls, the fully adjusted risk of females with depressive symptoms for abnormal C-IMT (> or =1.0 mm) was significant (odds ratio, 1.63; 95% confidence interval, 1.16-2.30). No significant association between depressive symptoms and carotid plaques was observed in either gender. This study shows a significant association between depressive symptoms and C-IMT in middle-aged and older females.
