Reduced Fertility and Fecundity among Patients with Bipolar I Disorder and Schizophrenia in Egypt.
- Author:
Hader MANSOUR
1
;
Kareem KANDIL
;
Joel WOOD
;
Warda FATHI
;
Mai ELASSY
;
Ibtihal IBRAHIM
;
Hala SALAH
;
Amal YASSIN
;
Hanan ELSAYED
;
Salwa TOBAR
;
Hala EL-BORAIE
;
Ahmed EISSA
;
Mohamed ELHADIDY
;
Nahed E IBRAHIM
;
Wafaa EL-BAHAEI
;
Vishwajit L NIMGAONKAR
Author Information
1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. nimga+@pitt.edu
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
Reproduction;
Bipolar disorder;
Schizophrenia;
Fertility;
Fecundity
- MeSH:
Bipolar Disorder;
Child;
Egypt;
Fertility;
Humans;
Marriage;
Multivariate Analysis;
Reproduction;
Schizophrenia
- From:Psychiatry Investigation
2011;8(3):214-220
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate reproduction among patients with bipolar I disorder (BP1) or schizophrenia (SZ) in Egypt. METHODS: BP1 patients (n=113) were compared with community based, demographically balanced controls (n=124) and SZ patients (n=79, DSM-IV). All participants were evaluated using structured interviews and corroborative data were obtained from relatives. Standard indices of procreation were included in multivariate analyses that incorporated key demographic variables. RESULTS: Control individuals were significantly more likely to have children than BP1 or SZ patients (controls 46.8%, BP1 15.9%, SZ 17.7%), but the BP1-SZ differences were non-significant. The average number of children for BP1 patients (0.37+/-0.9) and SZ patients (0.38+/-0.9) was significantly lower than for controls (1.04+/-1.48) (BP1 vs controls, p<0.001; SZ vs controls, p<0.001). The frequency of marriages among BP1 patients was nominally higher than the SZ group, but was significantly lower than controls (BP1: 31.9% SZ: 27.8% control: 57.3%). Even among married individuals, BP1 (but not SZ) patients were childless more often than controls (p=0.001). The marital fertility, i.e., the average number of children among patients with conjugal relationships for controls (1.8+/-1.57) was significantly higher than BP1 patients (1.14+/-1.31, p=0.02), but not significantly different from SZ patients (1.36+/-1.32, p=0.2). CONCLUSION: Selected reproductive measures are significantly and substantially reduced among Egyptian BP1 patients. The reproductive indices are similar among BP1 and SZ patients, suggesting a role for general illness related variables. Regardless of the cause/s, the impairment constitutes important, under-investigated disability.
