Anti-apoptotic effect of fermented Citrus sunki peel extract on chemical hypoxia-induced neuronal injury.
10.4163/jnh.2015.48.5.451
- Author:
Woon Chul KO
1
;
Sun Ryung LEE
Author Information
1. Department of Biology, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea. srlee@jejunu.ac.kr
- Publication Type:Brief Communication
- Keywords:
Citrus sunki;
apoptosis;
hypoxia;
stroke;
neuronal cells
- MeSH:
Aging;
Alzheimer Disease;
Anoxia;
Apoptosis;
Blotting, Western;
Caspase 3;
Cell Death;
Cell Survival;
Citrus*;
Cobalt;
Cytochromes c;
Cytoprotection;
Cytosol;
Humans;
Ischemia;
Medicine, Traditional;
Mitochondria;
Neuroblastoma;
Neurodegenerative Diseases;
Neurons*;
Reactive Oxygen Species;
Risk Factors;
Stroke;
Trypan Blue
- From:Journal of Nutrition and Health
2015;48(5):451-456
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:Korean
-
Abstract:
PURPOSE: Neuronal apoptotic events induced by aging and hypoxic/ischemic conditions is an important risk factor in neurodegenerative diseases such as ischemia stroke and Alzheimer's disease. The peel of Citrus sunki Hort. ex Tanaka has long been used as a traditional medicine, based on multiple biological activities including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammation, and anti-obesity. In the current study, we examined the actions of fermented C. sunki peel extract against cobalt chloride (CoCl2)-mediated hypoxic death in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. METHODS: Cell viability was measured by trypan blue exclusion. Expression of apoptosis related proteins and release of cytochrome c were detected by western blot. Production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptotic morphology were examined using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCF-DA) and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining. RESULTS: Exposure to CoCl2, a well-known mimetic agent of hypoxic/ischemic condition, resulted in neuronal cell death via caspase-3 dependent pathway. Extract of fermented C. sunki peel significantly rescued the CoCl2-induced neuronal toxicity with the cell viability and appearance of apoptotic morphology. Cytoprotection with fermented C. sunki peel extract was associated with a decrease in activities of caspase-3 and cleavage of poly (ADP ribose) polymerase (PARP). In addition, increase in the intracellular ROS and release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to the cytosol were inhibited by treatment with extract of fermented C. sunki peel. CONCLUSION: Based on these data, fermented C. sunki peel extract might have a protective effect against CoCl2-induced neuronal injury partly through generation of ROS and effectors involved in mitochondrial mediated apoptosis.
