Pathophysiological Role of Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Psychiatric Disorders.
- Author:
Heeok HONG
1
;
Byung Sun KIM
;
Heh In IM
Author Information
1. Department of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- Publication Type:Review
- Keywords:
Inflammation;
Brain Diseases;
Microglia;
Cytokines
- MeSH:
Alzheimer Disease;
Animals;
Autistic Disorder;
Brain;
Brain Diseases;
Central Nervous System;
Cytokines;
Depression;
Humans;
Inflammation;
Interleukin-6;
Interleukins;
Microglia;
Necrosis;
Neurodegenerative Diseases*;
Neurons;
Parkinson Disease;
Schizophrenia
- From:International Neurourology Journal
2016;20(Suppl 1):S2-S7
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Brain diseases and disorders such as Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, depression, schizophrenia, autism, and addiction lead to reduced quality of daily life through abnormal thoughts, perceptions, emotional states, and behavior. While the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood, human and animal studies have supported a role of neuroinflammation in the etiology of these diseases. In the central nervous system, an increased inflammatory response is capable of activating microglial cells, leading to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α. In turn, the pro-inflammatory cytokines aggravate and propagate neuroinflammation, degenerating healthy neurons and impairing brain functions. Therefore, activated microglia may play a key role in neuroinflammatory processes contributing to the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders and neurodegeneration.
