Endothelial Dysfunction and Alteration of Nitric Oxide/ Cyclic GMP Pathway in Patients with Exercise-Induced Hypertension.
10.3349/ymj.2003.44.6.1014
- Author:
Hyuk Jae CHANG
1
;
Jae Hoon CHUNG
;
Byoung Joo CHOI
;
Tae Young CHOI
;
So Yeon CHOI
;
Myeong Ho YOON
;
Gyo Seung HWANG
;
Joon Han SHIN
;
Seung Jea TAHK
;
Byung Il William CHOI
Author Information
1. Department of Cardiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea. hjchang70@hotmail.com
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
Exercise test;
hypertension;
endothelium;
nitric oxide;
cyclic GMP
- MeSH:
Adult;
Cyclic GMP/*metabolism;
Endothelium, Vascular/*physiopathology;
*Exercise;
Female;
Human;
Hypertension/*etiology/*physiopathology;
Male;
Middle Aged;
Nitric Oxide/*metabolism
- From:Yonsei Medical Journal
2003;44(6):1014-1020
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
The diagnostic and prognostic implication of exaggerated blood pressure response to exercise have been controversial, with opinions ranging from a benign process to a harbinger of potential cardiovascular morbidity. Endothelial dysfunction has been demonstrated in patients with atherosclerosis and as a risk factor for coronary artery disease. However, whether the cause of exercise-induced hypertension might be related to endothelial dysfunction has not been well elucidated. We evaluated endothelial function in patients who showed a systolic blood pressure > or =210 mmHg in males and > or = 190 mmHg in females during treadmill exercise test. We measured the endothelial function of the brachial artery in 35 patients with exercise-induced hypertension, and in 35 age- and gender-matched normal control subjects, by a high resolution ultrasound technique, and the concentration of NO2-/NO3- and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP). Endothelial-dependent vasodilation was impaired in patients with hypertension compared to normal controls (3.14+/-0.61 vs. 6.5+/-0.76%, p < 0.05). The extent of vasodilation was significantly correlated with age (r=-0.28, p < 0.05) and systolic blood pressure difference (r=-0.36, p < 0.05). The levels of NO2-/NO3- and cyclic GMP at maximal exercise were significantly higher than those at rest and recovery in both controls and the hypertensive group (p < 0.05). Although there was no significant difference in the increment of NO2-/NO3- during maximal exercise between the controls and hypertensive group (55+/-17 vs. 56+/-12micromol/L, p=NS), cyclic GMP level during maximal exercise was significantly higher in the control group than the hypertensive group (10+/-1.8 vs. 8.3+/-2.5 pmol/ml, p 0.05). Patients with exercise-induced hypertension have poor endothelium-dependent vasodilation due to an impaired nitric oxide/cyclic GMP pathway, which may play a significant role in increasing blood pressure during exercise with inadequate peripheral adjustment to changing cardiac output.
