Homophilic interaction of the L1 family of cell adhesion molecules.
- Author:
Chun Hua WEI
1
;
Seong Eon RYU
Author Information
1. Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea. ryuse@hanyang.ac.kr
- Publication Type:Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Keywords:
cell adhesion;
nervous system diseases;
neural cell adhesion molecule L1;
protein conformation;
protein interaction domains and motifs
- MeSH:
Cell Adhesion;
Crystallography, X-Ray;
Escherichia coli;
Humans;
Immunoglobulins/chemistry;
Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule L1/*chemistry/*metabolism;
*Neurites/chemistry/metabolism;
Protein Conformation;
*Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs
- From:Experimental & Molecular Medicine
2012;44(7):413-423
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Homophilic interaction of the L1 family of cell adhesion molecules plays a pivotal role in regulating neurite outgrowth and neural cell networking in vivo. Functional defects in L1 family members are associated with neurological disorders such as X-linked mental retardation, multiple sclerosis, low-IQ syndrome, developmental delay, and schizophrenia. Various human tumors with poor prognosis also implicate the role of L1, a representative member of the L1 family of cell adhesion molecules, and ectopic expression of L1 in fibroblastic cells induces metastasis-associated gene expression. Previous studies on L1 homologs indicated that four N-terminal immunoglobulin-like domains form a horseshoe-like structure that mediates homophilic interactions. Various models including the zipper, domain-swap, and symmetry-related models are proposed to be involved in structural mechanism of homophilic interaction of the L1 family members. Recently, cryo-electron tomography of L1 and crystal structure studies of neurofascin, an L1 family protein, have been performed. This review focuses on recent discoveries of different models and describes the possible structural mechanisms of homophilic interactions of L1 family members. Understanding structural mechanisms of homophilic interactions in various cell adhesion proteins should aid the development of therapeutic strategies for L1 family cell adhesion molecule-associated diseases.
