SGLT2 Inhibitors and Ketoacidosis: Pathophysiology and Management.
10.3904/kjm.2017.92.5.443
- Author:
Yun Hyi KU
1
Author Information
1. Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea. kyh@kirams.re.kr
- Publication Type:Review
- Keywords:
Sodium-glucose transporter 2;
Diabetic ketoacidosis;
Ketone bodies
- MeSH:
Counseling;
Diabetic Ketoacidosis;
Glucose;
Humans;
Hypoglycemic Agents;
Insulin;
Ketone Bodies;
Ketosis*;
Kidney;
Precipitating Factors;
Sick Leave;
Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2
- From:Korean Journal of Medicine
2017;92(5):443-449
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:Korean
-
Abstract:
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors are antidiabetic drugs that increase urinary glucose excretion by inhibiting proximal tubular reabsorption of glucose in the kidney. Some sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors have been shown to afford effective glycemic control and to decrease the risks of major adverse cardiovascular events. However, these drugs may increase the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis. This is a rare complication that occurs in less than 0.1% of treated patients with type 2 diabetes. The condition may be euglycemic, and is triggered by controllable precipitating factors such as surgery, infection, and insulin reduction or omission. It is important to understand individual patient profiles and to prevent diabetic ketoacidosis by appropriate prescribing, by withholding sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors when indicated, and by counseling patients on sick day management.
