Pollution characteristics and health risk analysis of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmospheric PM2.5 in two districts of Xi'an City in 2020 - 2022
10.3969/j.issn.1006-2483.2025.05.005
- VernacularTitle:2020—2022年西安市两城区大气PM2.5中16种多环芳烃污染特征及健康风险分析评估
- Author:
Yongbing CHENG
1
,
2
;
Sicen LIU
1
,
2
;
Zhichao LIU
1
,
2
;
Zhaowei MENG
1
,
2
Author Information
1. Shaanxi Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention，Xi'
2. an , Shaanxi 710054 ，China
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
PM2.5;
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons;
Pollution characteristics;
Health risk assessment
- From:
Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine
2025;36(5):23-27
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the pollution characteristics of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in atmospheric PM2.5 in Yanta District and Lianhu District of Xi'an City, and assess their health risks to exposed populations through inhalation pathways. Methods From 2020 to 2022, monitoring sites were set up in Yanta District and Lianhu District of Xi'an City, and PM2.5 samples were collected regularly every month. The mass concentrations of PAHs were determined. The analysis and evaluation were carried out according to different years, regions, and seasons. The sources of PAHs in the atmosphere were identified by calculating characteristic ratios. Health risk assessments through inhalation routes were conducted for certain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their total carcinogenic equivalent concentrations. Results The average mass concentrations of PAHs in Yanta District and Lianhu District were 6.38 ng/m3 and 6.06 ng/m3, respectively, with no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). Except for fluoranthene, there was no statistically significant difference in other PAHs between regions (P>0.05). Except for acenaphthylene and anthracene, the concentrations of other PAHs showed a decreasing trend year by year (P<0.05). The total mass concentration of PAHs in both urban areas showed a trend of winter>spring>autumn>summer (P<0.05), and all categories of PAHs showed the highest levels in winter and the lowest levels in summer (P<0.05). The proportion of 5-ring PAHs was the highest in summer, while the proportion of 4-ring PAHs was the highest in winter. The main sources of atmospheric PAHs in the two districts were a mixture of coal combustion, motor vehicle emissions, and biomass burning. The HQ values of benzo[a]pyrene and TEQs in both districts were less than 1. The carcinogenic risk through inhalation pathways for TEQs was 1.15×10-6, exceeding the acceptable level (1×10-6). Conclusion The pollution of PAHs in Yanta District and Lianhu District of Xi'an City continues to decrease, with seasonal differences. The main sources are mixed sources of coal combustion, motor vehicle emissions, and biomass burning, and overall PAHs pose a potential carcinogenic risk to residents.
