Association of mitochondrial DNA copy number with mild to moderate cognitive impairment and its mediating role in type 2 diabetes mellitus
10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2025.25088
- VernacularTitle:线粒体DNA拷贝数与轻中度认知障碍的关系及其在2型糖尿病中的中介作用
- Author:
Tong LIU
1
;
Chazhen LIU
1
;
Peiyun ZHU
1
;
Ping LIAO
1
;
Xin HE
1
;
Jian QI
1
;
Qin YAN
1
;
Yuan LU
2
;
Wenjing WANG
1
Author Information
1. Division of Chronic Non-communicable Diseases and Injury, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 201107, China
2. Department of Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai Yangpu District Central Hospital, Yangpu Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200090, China
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
mitochondrial DNA copy number;
mild to moderate cognitive impairment;
type 2 diabetes mellitus;
mediating effect
- From:
Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine
2025;37(7):581-585
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) and cognitive dysfunction, and its mediating role between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cognitive dysfunction. MethodsA case-control study was conducted from May 2019 to April 2021 at the Shanghai Yangpu District Central Hospital, China. A total of 193 subjects were recruited and divided into two groups based on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA): normal control (NC) group (n=95) and cognitive impairment group (n=98). The prevalence of T2DM was determined on the basis of medical history, while mtDNAcn in peripheral blood samples was quantified using realtime fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction. ResultsUnivariate analyses revealed that the mean mtDNAcn in the cognitive impairment group was 0.76±0.37, significantly lower than that in the NC group (1.06±0.45) (P<0.05). Logistic regression analyses showed that higher mtDNAcn was associated with a reduced risk of cognitive impairment (OR=0.315, 95%CI: 0.125‒0.795). Additionaly, a statistically significant positive correlation was observed between mtDNAcn and the total MoCA score (r=0.381, P<0.01). Morever, T2DM history (OR=2.741, 95%CI: 1.002‒7.497) and elevated glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels (OR=1.796, 95%CI: 1.190‒2.711) were identified as risk factors for cognitive impairment. Mediation analyses indicated that mtDNAcn served as a mediator between T2DM/HbA1c and the risk of cognitive impairment, with proportions of mediating effect of 9.04% and 9.18%, respectively. ConclusionPatients with mild and moderate cognitive impairment have significantly lower mtDNAcn than those with normal cognitive function. Reduced mtDNAcn is an influencing factor for cognitive dysfunction and may play a mediating role in the association between T2DM and mild to moderate cognitive impairment.
