Vitamin D and chronic kidney disease.
- Author:
Chang Seong KIM
1
;
Soo Wan KIM
Author Information
1. Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea. skimw@chonnam.ac.kr
- Publication Type:Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Keywords:
Vitamin D;
Renal insufficiency, chronic;
Cardiovascular diseases;
Mortality
- MeSH:
Animals;
Biological Markers/blood;
Dietary Supplements;
Humans;
Kidney/drug effects/*metabolism;
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/*blood/diagnosis/drug therapy/epidemiology;
Risk Factors;
Treatment Outcome;
Vitamin D/*blood/therapeutic use;
Vitamin D Deficiency/*blood/diagnosis/drug therapy/epidemiology
- From:The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine
2014;29(4):416-427
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been recognized as a significant global health problem because of the increased risk of total and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency is common in patients with CKD, and serum levels of vitamin D appear to have an inverse correlation with kidney function. Growing evidence has indicated that vitamin D deficiency may contribute to deteriorating renal function, as well as increased morbidity and mortality in patients with CKD. Recent studies have suggested that treatment with active vitamin D or its analogues can ameliorate renal injury by reducing fibrosis, apoptosis, and inflammation in animal models; this treatment also decreases proteinuria and mortality in patients with CKD. These renoprotective effects of vitamin D treatment are far beyond its classical role in the maintenance of bone and mineral metabolism, in addition to its pleiotropic effects on extra-mineral metabolism. In this review, we discuss the altered metabolism of vitamin D in kidney disease, and the potential renoprotective mechanisms of vitamin D in experimental and clinical studies. In addition, issues regarding the effects of vitamin D treatment on clinical outcomes are discussed.
