Therapeutic effects and mechanisms of M2 macrophage exosome spray on pressure injuries
10.12206/j.issn.2097-2024.202503066
- VernacularTitle:M2型巨噬细胞外泌体喷剂对压力性损伤的疗效及作用机制
- Author:
Xiang YU
1
;
Peipei JIA
2
;
Xinying LI
2
;
Junjun YANG
3
;
Gaofeng GUO
1
;
Lianfang LU
2
Author Information
1. School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China.
2. Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China.
3. Department of Trauma and Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
- Publication Type:Originalarticles
- Keywords:
exosome spray;
pressure ulcers;
M2 macrophages;
tantalum
- From:
Journal of Pharmaceutical Practice and Service
2025;43(9):436-442
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of a spray prepared from exosomes derived from M2 macrophages induced by interleukin-4 （IL-4） and tantalum particles （Ta） on the healing of pressure ulcers. Methods Bone marrow-derived macrophages were polarized into M2 macrophages using IL-4 or Ta, and exosomes （Exo-IL-4/Exo-Ta） were extracted. The regulatory effects of Exo-IL-4/Exo-Ta on M1 macrophage phenotypes and fibroblast matrix secretion were evaluated in vitro. Proteomic analysis was conducted to explore the biological processes and regulatory networks associated with Exo-Ta. A rat pressure ulcer model was used to assess the effects of Exo-IL-4/Exo-Ta spray on wound healing rate, inflammatory cell infiltration, and collagen deposition. Results In vitro, Exo-IL-4/Exo-Ta induced the polarization of M1 macrophages to M2 macrophages, reduced the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors, and promoted the expression of anti-inflammatory substances. Additionally, Exo-IL-4/Exo-Ta enhanced the production of collagen and fibronectin in fibroblasts. Proteomic analysis revealed that Exo-Ta primarily participated in biological processes such as energy metabolism and macromolecule biosynthesis. In vivo, Exo-IL-4/Exo-Ta spray accelerated wound healing, reduced inflammatory infiltration, and improved tissue remodeling in the rat pressure ulcer model. Conclusion Exosome sprays derived from M2 macrophages could accelerate pressure ulcer healing by modulating inflammation and promoting tissue regeneration, which demonstrated excellent clinical application potential.
