Perspectives  on  Colorectal  Cancer  Screening  in  A  Multiethnic  Population  in  Kuala  Lumpur  using  the  Health  Belief  Model:  A  Qualitative Study

Nur Suhada Ramli; Azmawati Mohammed Nawi; Mohd Rohaizat Hassan; Faiz Daud; Noor Azimah Muhammad; Wong Zhiqin; Muhamad Izwan Ismail; Emma Mirza Wati Mohamad; Arina Anis Azlan

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Perspectives on Colorectal Cancer Screening in A Multiethnic Population in Kuala Lumpur using the Health Belief Model: A Qualitative Study

Author: Nur Suhada Ramli ¹ ; Azmawati Mohammed Nawi ² ; Mohd Rohaizat Hassan ² ; Faiz Daud ² ; Noor Azimah Muhammad ³ ; Wong Zhiqin ⁴ ; Muhamad Izwan Ismail ⁵ ; Emma Mirza Wati Mohamad ⁶ ; Arina Anis Azlan ⁶
Author Information

1. Ministry of Health, Malaysia, Federal Government Administrative Centre, 62514 Putrajaya, Malaysia
2. Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaakob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
3. Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaakob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
4. Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaakob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
5. Department of Surgery, Hospital Sultanah Aminah, Jalan Persiaran Abu Bakar Sultan, 80100 Johor Malaysia
6. Centre for Research in Media and Communication, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Publication Type:Journal Article
Keywords: Colorectal Cancer; Screening; Decision Aid; Qualitative; Health Belief ModelArticle history: Received: 23 January 2024 Accepted: 26 November 2024Published: 4 February 2025
From:International Journal of Public Health Research 2025;15(1):2046-2057
CountryMalaysia
Language:English
Abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) carries a significant burden in most world regions. However, its screening uptake remains low. This study aimed to explore awareness and perspectives on CRC screening program in a multiethnic population and their preference for CRC screening decision aid. In-depth interviews were conducted until data saturation was reached. All interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, translated to English and analysed thematically using hybrid inductive and deductive approaches. 17 informants from three main ethnic groups (Malay, Chinese and Indian) with various levels of risk for developing CRC were recruited. Awareness on CRC screening program was found to be low. Majority of informants never heard of CRC screening program. Among 11 eligible informants, only five experienced CRC screening uptake. Thematic analysis of the transcripts yielded six major themes; knowledge on CRC, screening process, authority’s role, curability, willingness to screening and preference for decision aid, and theywere mapped onto the Health Belief Model. Specific multiethnic perspectives found included preference for traditional medicine coming from all ethnics, and reliance in God coming from Malay informants. Majority preferred short videos as CRC screening decision aid, in the form of animation and live-action screenplay. Exploration of perspective of CRC screening helps in producing impactful decision aids. Future efforts should focus on developing short videos that incorporate population’s perspectives and can be disseminated through electronic media.
Full text:2025072813142955127Perspectives on Colorectal Cancer.pdf