Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn caused by Rh system anti-c antibodies: a case report and literature review
10.13303/j.cjbt.issn.1004-549x.2025.06.016
- VernacularTitle:Rh系统抗-c引起胎儿新生儿溶血病1例并文献复习
- Author:
Luyan CHEN
1
;
Dong XIANG
2
;
Dingfeng LYU
1
;
Zhenyun LIU
3
;
Xinyi ZHU
2
;
Shuan TAO
1
;
Qiming YING
1
;
Wei LIANG
1
Author Information
1. The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, China
2. Shanghai Blood Center, Shanhai 200051, China
3. Blood Diseases Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300020, China
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Rh blood group system;
anti-c antibody;
direct antiglobulin test (DAT);
hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN)
- From:
Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion
2025;38(6):843-848
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective: To summarize the laboratory findings of a case of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) caused by Rh system anti-c antibodies and to review the literature, so as to explore the characteristics of anti-c HDFN. Methods: The ABO blood type, Rh blood type, direct antiglobulin test (DAT) results, and the presence of unexpected antibodies and their titers were determined by serological methods. The cases of anti-c HDFN in our laboratory in China and abroad were statistically analyzed, and the incidence of severe HDFN caused by anti-c, anti-D and anti-E was compared. Results: The blood type of the child was B (Rh CcDee) with a positive DAT. Anti-c antibody was detected in both serum and eluate, with a serum antibody titer of 4. The mother’s blood type was AB (Rh CCDee) with a negative DAT, and anti-c antibody was detected in the serum with a titer of 128. Among 20 cases of anti-c HDFN, 17 were DAT positive, and 9 (45%, 9/20) underwent blood transfusion or exchange transfusion. The incidence of severe HDFN was 47.60% (10/21) for anti-c, 47.60% (10/21) for anti-D and 31.30% (5/16) for anti-E. Conclusion: Maternal pregnancy and/or blood transfusion are the main reasons for the production of Rh alloantibodies such as anti-c. The prevention and management of anti-c should be similar to that of anti-D. Rh antigen-matched (five antigens of Rh blood group) transfusion is necessary for women of childbearing age to avoid antibody production, and Rh typing and antibody screening during prenatal examination is recommended to ensure early detection, intervention and treatment.
