Relationship between daily eating habits and occurrence of stroke in the O City Cohort I survey: a 26-year follow-up of residents in rural Japan

Mako TODA; Koutatsu MARUYAMA; Isao SAITO; Shinji TANAKA; Yutaka TAKEUCHI; Hirotada OKUBO; Tadahiro KATO

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Relationship between daily eating habits and occurrence of stroke in the O City Cohort I survey: a 26-year follow-up of residents in rural Japan

VernacularTitle:Relationship between daily eating habits and occurrence of stroke in the O City Cohort I survey: a 26-year follow-up of residents in rural Japan
Author: Mako TODA ¹ ; Koutatsu MARUYAMA ¹ ; Isao SAITO ² ; Shinji TANAKA ³ ; Yutaka TAKEUCHI ⁴ ; Hirotada OKUBO ⁵ ; Tadahiro KATO ¹
Author Information

1. Department of Applied Bioresource Science, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Ehime University, Japan
2. Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, The Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Japan
3. JA Ehime Kouseiren Medical Examination Center, Japan
4. Yawatahama Public Health Center, Japan
5. Kita-ishikai (Kita Doctors’ Association), Japan
Keywords: daily eating habits; occurrence of stroke; cohort survey; rural Japan
From:Journal of Rural Medicine 2025;20(1):28-38
CountryJapan
Language:en
Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between daily eating habits and stroke risk factors in O City, Ehime Prefecture, Japan, using stroke registry data collected over a 26-year follow-up period based on standardized national criteria.Materials and Methods: Overall, 1,793 middle-aged Japanese participants (446 men and 1,347 women) who completed a 33-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and had no history of stroke were matched to those from O City in a stroke registry from 1996 to 2022. Stroke diagnosis for each person was used to determine whether this was their first documented stroke, and we classified strokes as either a cerebral infarction (CI) or a hemorrhagic stroke (HS), the latter which included an intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) or a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). A Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to examine the association between habitual dietary intake and the occurrence of stroke, using the following covariates: age, body mass index, elevated blood pressure/hypertension, dyslipidemia, prediabetes/diabetes, alcohol consumption, and smoking.Results: During the 26 years of follow-up, 45 men (10.1%) and 76 women (5.6%) had stroke. The CI rate was 70.2% (n=85; 38 men, 47 women). The HS rate was 29.8% (n=36; 7 men and 29 women); of these patients, 26 and 10 had ICH and SAH, respectively. In men, orange intake showed a significant inverse correlation with CI. In women, fresh fish intake showed a significant inverse correlation with CI, while yogurt intake showed a significant inverse correlation with HS.Conclusion: Our results indicated that fresh fish intake was significantly associated with the prevention of CI among women in a Japanese cohort survey.