Understanding Virtual/Augmented Reality Devices and their Application in Ophthalmology
10.21561/jor.2024.9.2.104
- Author:
A Young KIM
1
;
Yun Taek KIM
Author Information
1. SNU Blue Eye Clinic, Seoul, Korea
- Publication Type:REVIEW ARTICLE
- From:
Journal of Retina
2024;9(2):104-111
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Recent advancements in head-mounted display technology, such as pancake lenses, high-resolution micro–organic light-emitting diode displays, and improved eye-tracking functionality, have significantly enhanced the usability and performance of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) devices. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of VR/AR devices in ophthalmology, focusing on their principles, components, current applications, potential future uses, and limitations. VR/AR devices offer unique capabilities in ophthalmology due to their ability to present different images to each eye and create virtual or augmented environments. Current applications include ophthalmic surgical training, diagnosis, and treatment. Devices like the NGENUITY® (Alcon Laboratories) and ARTEVO® (Zeiss) digital microscopes provide additional information not available with conventional microscopes. VR-based visual field tests, metamorphopsia assessments, color vision deficiency testing, and eye-movement analysis are also being performed. Future applications may include eye-tracking technology, color testing, surgical assistance, visual rehabilitation, and telemedicine. Early disease screening at home using VR/AR devices could enable early diagnosis and treatment of diseases. However, challenges remain, including user fatigue, the inability to directly observe patients' eyes during examinations, data privacy protection, and ethical considerations such as difficulties with obtaining informed consent. In conclusion, VR/AR technologies offer innovative opportunities in ophthalmology and have the potential to revolutionize ophthalmic diagnosis, treatment, and patient outcomes. As these technologies continue to evolve, they are expected to redefine standards of practice and improve the quality of eye care worldwide.
