Hypoglycaemic And Hepatoprotector Effect Of Antidiabet-3 Preparation In Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rabbits
- Author:
Batgerel L
1
;
Ambaga M
1
;
Sarantsetseg B
1
;
Tsend-Ayush D
1
Author Information
1. New Medicine Institute
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Alloxan;
antidiabet-3;
diabetes;
hyperglycaemia
- From:
Journal of Oriental Medicine
2012;3(2):31-32
- CountryMongolia
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder resulting from insulin deficiency, characterized by hyperglycemia, altered metabolism of carbohydrates, protein and lipids, and an increased risk of vascular complication. Healthy diet, regular physical activity, maintaining a normal body weight and avoiding tobacco use can prevent or delay the onset of diabetes. There are over 1500 plants on our planet that have anti-diabetes properties. Research findings suggest that more than 400 plant species showing hypoglycemic activity on experimental diabetes in animals. Recently, numbers of high level researches were conducted worldwide to study the nature and mechanism to treat diabetes, tens of methods were discovered, and dozens of medical herbs were studied, yet very few herbal hypoglycemic drugs without side effects and at low cost are found. Scientists are still in search for development of new and better oral drugs for diabetes without side effects at relatively low cost. Materials and Methods: Preparation of the water extract from Antidiabet-3 1:10 was suspended in distilled water (100 ml) and allowed to stand at 4◦ C. It was then filtered through several layers of muslin cloth and filtrate (water extract) was discarded. Male and female Chinchilla rabbits, weighing 1.5–2.7 kg, were obtained from Biocombinat State Owned Enterprise, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. The total number of rabbits used was 30. They were housed at a temperature of 22 ± 20C with a schedule of 12 h light and 12 h dark cycle. They were acclimatized to laboratory conditions at least for 1 week beforecarrying out any experimental work. The experimental protocol for the present study was approved by Institutional Animal Ethical Committee (IAEC) of Health Sciences University of Mongolia. Experimental diabetes was induced in rabbits with alloxan monohydrate (100 mg/kg) (Sigma Chemicals, USA) injected intravenously to overnight fasted rabbits through their marginal ear vein. To reduce risk of nephrotoxicity from hyperuricemia, a 7 ml/kg body wt intravenous injection of 0.9% saline was given immediately after the injection of alloxan. To counteract initial hypoglycemia, 3.5-4.0 g glucose/kg body wt was given subcutaneously [27.5% (wt/vol) solution] 5-6 h after the injection of alloxan. Hyperglycemia of the rabbit with a permanent blood glucose concentration of >16.9 mmol/l was established 24 h after alloxan injection. For this study, a blood glucose level greater than 14 mmol/ liter (200mg/dl) was an indication of hyperglycemia. Aqueous crude extract of the Antidiabet-3 preparation was administration orally in dosage 0.5 ml/kg alloxan induced diabetic rabbits and fasting blood glucose monitored over a period of 14 days. Metformin in dosage of 7.4mg/kg was chosen as a comparative remedy. Results: The total number of rabbits used was 28. Diabetes was defined by a blood glucose concentration 16.9 mmol/l on 1 day. Plasma was obtained by centrifugation of blood glucose, plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), ‘’Humylazer 2000’’ chemistry analyzers automated (Human, Germany). The initial serum glucose concentration had an average value of 5.52±0.18 mmol/l in the serum. First days after injection of alloxan, the concentration had increased to 21.65±11.8 mmol/l. It reached its peak level of 30.47±2.55 mmol/l on the 3rd day. The level decreased, falling in all groups to 28.00±1.02mmol/l on day 14, control group. The differences between the control group and hyperglycaemic groups were statistically highly significant (p < 0.05). The result of the experiment were confirmed that using by blood glucose in antidiabet-3 treatment groups taken for an observation at 3 day from it was decreased to 22.20±2.5 (2.88%), post 7 day it was decreased 19.03±2.75 (14.3%), post 14 day it was 14.86±0.80 (33.06%), which it is showed may decrease the blood glucose from diabetic rabbits. The mean total activity of AST was increased 133.3 ± 18.1 u/l of that in the Antidiabet3 group. By day 14, this value had decreased by about 91.8* ± 4.01 u/l and Alloxaninduced diabetic rabbits administered with aqueous extract showed 31% decline in the activity of AST level on 1 and 14 day, respectively. The mean total activity of ferment ALT was increased 160.22 ±25.86 u/l of that in the AD3 group. By day 14, this value had decreased by about 91.8±4.01 u/l (42.7%). Alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits administered with aqueous extract showed 6.11%, 9.57%, 30.41%, and 24.45% decline in the activity of ferment level on 1, 3, 7, and 14 day, respectively. They can also improve the condition of diabetes as indicated by parameters like serum cholesterol, and serum triglyceride. It is now established that there is a gradual decrease in beta-cell function and mass that may occur in individuals at high risk of developing type II diabetes. To prevent the loss of beta-cell function and mass, beta-cell stabilization or regeneration must occur. The renewal of β-cells in diabetes has been studied in several animal models. For example epicatechin has been shown to act by β- cell regeneration. Conclusions: In conclusion, Antidiabet-3 preparation exhibited significant antihyperglycaemic activities in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits. The establishment of diabetes mellitus in group I rabbits was observed after first week of alloxan administration by increased fasting blood glucose levels. Keen and NgTang (1982) reported that the minimum-defining characteristic feature to identify diabetes mellitus is chronic and substantiated elevation of circulating glucose concentration. Establishment of diabetes mellitus in rabbits in this study, induced by alloxan administration, might be attributable to specific irreversible toxic effects of alloxan on beta cells of pancreas (Dunn et al. 1943; Lukenes 1948).
