A study of tissue biomarkers in gastric cancer and its precursors
- VernacularTitle: Ходоодны хорт хавдар, түүний урьдал эмгэгийн үеийн эдийн биомаркерын судалгаа
- Author:
Nyam-Erdene N
1
;
Tsogzolmaa Sh
1
;
Batchimeg B
1
;
Nomin-Erdene D
1
;
Tuul B
2
;
Оyunbileg N
2
;
Zorigoo Sh
2
;
Ganchimeg D
1
;
Munkhbayar S
1
;
Baasanjav N
3
;
Tulgaa L
1
Author Information
1. Institute of Medical Sciences
2. Ulaanbaatar Songdo Hospital
3. Ach Medical University
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
tumor tissue markers;
immunohistochemistry;
pepsinogen;
gastric cancer precursors
- From:Mongolian Medical Sciences
2024;209(3):21-28
- CountryMongolia
- Language:Mongolian
-
Abstract:
Background:Specifically, stomach cancer ranks as the fifth leading cause of cancer morbidity
and mortality worldwide. Early-stage detection significantly improves survival rates,
with over 90% of patients diagnosed at stages I and II living beyond five years. To
improve the early detection of gastric cancer, it is necessary to complement the
conventional method of endoscopic examination with biomarker analysis. We aimed
to compare biomarkers such as pepsinogen C (PGC), matrix metalloproteinase 2
(MMP2), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), and the cell proliferation marker Ki-67
with immunohistochemical analysis.
Purpose:A comparative study and evaluation of biomarkers for the early detection of gastric
cancer.
Materials and Methods:The study was conducted using a retrospective cohort design. Research ethics
issues were discussed at the meeting of the Medical Ethics Control Committee of
the Ministry of Health on October 13, 2023, and permission to start the research
was obtained (Resolution No. 23/051). The information was gathered based on the
criteria for K29.3, K29.4, K31, and C1 diagnoses according to the international ICD
10 classification, and participants were selected accordingly. Proteins such as PGC,
MMP2, MMP9, and Ki-67 were examined using a tissue microarray kit and evaluated
through immunohistochemical analysis.
Results: Negative gastric tumor markers PGC, Ki-67, MMP2 and MMP9 were evaluated
by immunohistochemical analysis. The mean PGC protein staining values were
6.20±2.61 for chronic superficial gastritis, 5.45±2.47 for atrophic gastritis, 3.61±2.0 for
metaplasia, and 3.31±1.75 for gastric cancer, with statistically significant differences
between the groups (P<0.001). The mean Ki-67 protein staining values were 0.1 ±
0.4 for chronic superficial gastritis, 0.33 ± 0.55 for atrophic gastritis, 0.09 ± 0.39 for
metaplasia, and 2.62 ± 0.78 for gastric cancer, also showing statistically significant
differences (P<0.001). The mean MMP2 and MMP9 protein staining values were
0.2±0.76 and 1.2±2.04, respectively, for chronic superficial gastritis; 0.28±0.52
and 3.28±2.82 for atrophic gastritis; 0.35±1.04 and 1.12±1.45 for metaplasia; and
1.38±2.11 and 5.29±2.51 for gastric cancer, with all differences being statistically
significant (P<0.001).
Conclusion:PGC protein, a negative tumor marker, decreases during the transition
from a gastric cancer precursor to cancer. MMP2 protein, a marker of cell migration
and metastasis, has little diagnostic value, while the expression of MMP9 and the Ki
67 are highly effective in gastric cancer. Immunohistochemical analysis of endoscopic
biopsy tissue to detect the negative tumor marker PGC, the positive marker Ki-67,
and MMP9 can be used for early detection of gastric cancer.
- Full text:2025060516234439653MMS-2024-209(3)-21-28.pdf
