Epidemiological status, related diseases and vaccine advances of non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae
10.13200/j.cnki.cjb.004482
- VernacularTitle:不可分型流感嗜血杆菌流行现状、相关疾病及疫苗的研究进展
- Author:
HU Nan
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae(NTHi);
Epidemiological status;
Drug resistance;
Pathogenesis;
Vaccine
- From:
Chinese Journal of Biologicals
2025;38(05):610-616
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae(NTHi) is a non-encapsulated, Gram-negative coccobacillus that commonlycolonizes in human upper respiratory tract and can cause invasive infections in immunocompromised hosts. In recent years,with the widespread implementation of Haemophilus influenzae type b(Hib) vaccination, NTHi has emerged as the predominantpathogenic strain of Haemophilus influenzae infections globally. Notably, the clinical isolation rate of NTHi has shown aprogressive increase worldwide, accompanied by rising resistance to β-lactams and other antibiotics. NTHi frequently formspolymicrobial infections with pathogens such as Streptococcus pneumoniae and Moraxella catarrhalis, and contributes tovarious diseases such as otitis media, meningitis, and acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)through virulence mechanisms including biofilm formation and immune evasion. At present, antibiotics remain the maindrugs for NTHi infection management, while increasing antimicrobial resistance has driven vaccine development as a criticalresearch priority. Promising vaccine candidates based on antigens such as outer membrane proteins and adhesins, havedemonstrated favorable immunogenicity and protective efficacy, but further optimization is required to enhance cross-protectiveimmunity. In this paper, the epidemic status, related diseases and vaccine research progress of NTHi are summarized, aimingto provide references for the prevention and control of NTHi infection.
