A systematic review: epidemiology, etiology and risk factors of stroke in young adults
- VernacularTitle:Залуу хүмүүст тохиолдох тархины харвалтын тархвар, шалтгаан, эрсдэлт хүчин зүйл:
- Author:
Delgermaa Ts
1
;
Juramt B
2
;
Tsagaankhuu А
1
Author Information
1. Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, MNUMS
2. Department of Anatomy, School of Bio-Medicine, MNUMS
- Publication Type:Review
- Keywords:
Stroke;
Epidemiology;
Etiology;
Risk Factors;
Young Adults
- From:
Mongolian Journal of Health Sciences
2025;88(4):6-14
- CountryMongolia
- Language:Mongolian
-
Abstract:
Background:The annual incidence of stroke in different regions of the world ranges from 100 to 336 per 100,000 pop
ulation, and mortality ranges from 36 to 136, and in Mongolia there are 220 new cases of stroke per 100,000 people and
113 deaths annually, making it one of the countries with the high stroke incidence rate.
Aim:To conduct a systematic review of published sources on the epidemiology, causes, and risk factors of ischemic
stroke in young people.
Materials and Methods:The research sources were searched using keywords such as “Stroke”, “Definition”, “Epidemi
ology”, “Etiology”, “Risk factors”, “Young Adult”, “Ischemia”, “Hemorrhage”, “Silent stroke” from the works published
in international platforms such as Cochrane Library, Datebase, Medline, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science,
and relevant information and data were selected from the collected sources and a review article was developed.
Results:According to the WHO MONICA project report, stroke incidence was reported in 16 countries, with 101–285
men and 47–198 women per 100,000 people aged 35–64 years, while in the United States it was 113.8 per 100,000 peo
ple under 55 years, of which 73.1 were cerebral infarctions per 100,000 people, and more than 10 percent were under 55
years. A recent study in Mongolia found that 21–26% of stroke patients were young people (20-50 year old), compared
with 10–13% in Western countries. Among the traditional causes and risk factors for stroke in young people, arterial
hypertension accounts for 45-60%, smoking 40-60%, alcoholism 40-50%, heart disease 18-30%, dyslipidemia 30%,
diabetes 13%, obesity 7-36%; among the specific risk factors, migraine accounts for 10-35%, taking hormonal contra
ceptives 10-22%, vasculitis 6-10%, blood clotting disorders 2-10%, vascular dissection 6-40%. According to the TOAST
classification, large vessel disease accounts for 16-17%, small vessel occlusion 14-15%, cardiac embolism 19-20%, other
determined etiologies 22-23% and undetermined 26-27%.
Conclusion :Epidemiological indicators of stroke vary significantly depending on the level of development of the coun
try, geographical characteristics of the region, lifestyle, age, and gender (stroke incidence rate range: 100–336 per 100,000
population; mortality: 36–136 per 100,000 population). Mongolia is among the countries with high rates of stroke in
cidence and mortality (incidence rate 220 per 100 000, mortality 113 per 100 000 population). While stroke among
young people accounts for 10–13% of all cases in Western countries, this figure reaches 21–26% in Mongolia, which is
explained by a combination of traditional and specific risk factors. As stroke is becoming more common among younger
populations, it is essential to study its causes and risk factors in detail and to intensify efforts in diagnosis, treatment, and
prevention.
- Full text:20250520155859671536-14.pdf
