Analysis of effectiveness and challenges in preventing the re-establishment of malaria transmission in China
- Author:
ZHANG Li
;
YIN Jianhai
;
XIA Zhigui
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Malaria;
prevention of re-establishment;
effectiveness;
challenge;
China
- From:
China Tropical Medicine
2024;24(4):365-
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the characteristics of the malaria epidemic and the indicators for "1-3-7" from 2021 to 2023 in China, understand the effectiveness and challenges in preventing re-establishment malaria in China, propose response strategies, and provide references for consolidating the achievements of malaria elimination. Methods The individual malaria case data and focus data from 2021 to 2023 in the "Information System for Infectious Disease Surveillance" and the "Information System for Parasitic Diseases Prevention and Control" were collected, and epidemiological characteristics and indicators for “1-3-7” were analyzed. Results From 2021 to 2023, a total of 4 132 malaria cases were reported in 31 provinces and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, with mainly falciparum malaria (59.2%, 2 445/4 132). The national malaria epidemic reached a historical low of 799 cases in 2021, before rebounding significantly to 2 488 cases in 2023. The top five provinces for malaria cases were Yunnan, Guangdong, Henan, Sichuan, and Shandong, accounting for 49.4% of the total (2 043/4 132) cases. Except for two long incubation cases infected with P. malariae and one non-mosquito-transmitted case, the remaining cases were imported from abroad, mainly from African countries (81.7%, 3 374/4 129), with P. vivax malaria mainly coming from Myanmar (63.7%, 638/1 001). Malaria cases mainly occur in middle-aged men and migrant overseas workers. 142 severe cases and 21 deaths of malaria were reported. 81.8% (3 378/4 132) of malaria cases sought medical attention within 3 days of symptom onset, and the initial diagnosis institutions were mainly county-level, municipal, and provincial hospitals(77.2%), with an accuracy malaria diagnosis rate of above 80.0%. The completion rates of the malaria indicators for "1-3-7" were all above 90.0%. Conclusions Since the malaria elimination in China, there has been no re-establishment of malaria, and the surveillance response capability has been maintained at a high level. However, the epidemic of imported malaria continued to rise, severely endangering public health in China, especially in areas such as the China-Myanmar border where the risk of re-establishment was high. Currently, it is necessary to further enhance the awareness of the key populations about timely medical consultation for malaria, as well as healthcare workers' vigilance, diagnostic capabilities, and awareness of timely referrals. Efforts should be maintained to investigate and manage epidemics, strengthen prevention and control in key areas such as the China-Myanmar border in Yunnan, and continuously consolidate elimination achievements.
- Full text:20250428170000897401.Analysis of effectiveness and challenges in preventing the re-establishment of malaria transmission in China.pdf
