Vascular embolization induced by injection of autologous fat in rabbits
10.3760/cma.j.issn.1671-0290.2024.03.021
- VernacularTitle:面部自体脂肪注射引发兔血管栓塞的实验研究
- Author:
Yan OU
1
;
Yingjie LUO
;
Junfang LIANG
;
Shufang LIANG
;
Chenggang YI
;
Sha LIU
Author Information
1. 陕西中医药大学附属医院整形美容外科，西安 712000
- Keywords:
Rabbits;
Transplantation, autologous;
Facial filler injection;
Vascular embolism complications;
Blindness;
Dissection
- From:
Chinese Journal of Medical Aesthetics and Cosmetology
2024;30(3):286-291
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To explore the severe complications, such as blindness, brain infarction and even death caused by cosmetic autologous fat filler injection and their underlying mechanisms.Methods:From May 2022 to October 2023, 64 male New Zealand rabbits were selected in the clinical laboratory of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine and divided into 8 groups with 8 rabbits in each group. They were divided into grinding fat group, fat granule group, fat lipid group and normal saline group, and each group was further divided into 0.2 ml group and 0.4 ml group. Fat was cut from the rabbit groin, then chopped or treated with collagenase I, and centrifuged to separate fat lipids and fat particles, as well as other tissues. The rabbit facial artery was exposed along the incision below the mandibular angle, and 0.2 or 0.4 ml of chopped fat, fat particles, and lipids were retrogradely injected into the facial artery in each group, and then the incision was closed under the microscope. Ophthalmic and neurological symptoms were observed and recorded after surgery, and visual electrophysiology and fundus microscopy were performed to verify visual acuity and fundus artery obstruction.Results:Two weeks after surgery, the incidence of ophthalmic symptoms in the 0.2 ml injection group was 100% in the grinding fat group, 62.5% in the fat granule group, 0 in the lipid group and 0 in the normal saline group. The complication rates of 0.4 ml embolic injection were 100%, 87.50%, 12.5% and 0, respectively. The incidence of neurological symptoms was 62.5%, 25.0%, 0 and 0, respectively. Mortality rates were 37.5%, 12.5%, 0 and 0 after injection of 0.2 ml, and 100%, 50%, 0 and 0 after injection of 0.4 ml, respectively.Conclusions:Animal models have shown that grinding adipose tissue without collagenase I treatment is more likely to cause serious complications, simple lipid entry into blood vessels does not block relevant arteries, and fat volume is positively correlated with the incidence of postoperative complications.
