Pathogenesis and advances in monoclonal antibody treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder
10.3760/cma.j.cn511434-20230822-00351
- VernacularTitle:视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病的发病机制及单克隆抗体治疗进展
- Author:
Qiaoqiao CHANG
1
;
Songdi WU
Author Information
1. 西北大学附属第一医院（西安市第一医院）神经眼科, 西安 710002
- Keywords:
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder;
Monoclonal antibodies;
Biological therapy;
Review
- From:
Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases
2024;40(3):247-251
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a immune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, characterized by high recurrence and disability rates. Preventing relapses is crucial in the treatment of this condition. Monoclonal antibodies have emerged as a novel and rapidly evolving clinical therapeutic strategy targeting NMOSD in recent years. An increasing number of studies and clinical trials have also confirmed the effectiveness and safety of monoclonal antibodies. Rituximab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the B-cell surface antigen CD20, has been widely used in the treatment of NMOSD. Currently, in China, the only approved monoclonal antibody for treating NMOSD is Inebilizumab, which targets the B-cell surface antigen CD19. Additionally, various monoclonal antibodies, such as interleukin-6 receptor inhibitors and complement C5 inhibitors, have been used in the treatment of NMOSD. With the deepening of the research on the pathogenesis of NMOSD, the molecular mechanism of disease-related immune network is further clarified, and multi-center clinical trials are widely carried out. More accurate monoclonal antibody treatment strategies for NMOSD will be applied to clinical practice, benefiting more patients.
