Development of three-dimensional digestive endoscope and the application to endoscopic submucosal dissection in living animals (with video)
10.3760/cma.j.cn321463-20231226-00540
- VernacularTitle:三维消化内镜研制及在活体动物内镜手术的初步应用（含视频）
- Author:
Bingrong LIU
1
;
Xiaopeng ZHANG
;
Dan LIU
;
Deliang LI
;
Lixia ZHAO
;
Jiyu ZHANG
;
Yangyang ZHOU
;
Kaipeng LIU
;
Muhan LI
;
Qiuyue TU
;
Jinghao LI
;
Miao SHI
;
Yajuan LI
;
Xuexin WANG
Author Information
1. 郑州大学第一附属医院消化内科，郑州 450052
- Keywords:
Endoscopes, gastrointestinal;
3D digestive endoscope;
Endoscopic submucosal dissection;
Animal experiment
- From:
Chinese Journal of Digestive Endoscopy
2024;41(7):562-565
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To develop and evaluate the efficacy and safety of a three-dimensional (3D) digestive endoscope for gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) through animal experiments.Methods:Two Dutch pigs were utilized from the Zhengzhou University Animal Experiment Center for the study. ESD procedures were performed by two senior endoscopists, one using 3D glasses and the other utilizing a 3D high-definition head display. The success of ESD was assessed based on predefined criteria, including completion of surgical steps, complete detachment of the presumptive lesion, and effective bleeding control during and after the surgery. The number of successful procedures and incidences of perforation were recorded. The stereoscopic experience of the endoscopists, including both the primary endoscopist and the assistant, was also evaluated. Furthermore, the assessment encompassed any reported symptoms of eye discomfort, such as eye fatigue, ocular pain, and blurred vision. Additionally, the confidence level of the endoscopists in the mechanical aspects of the operation, as well as encountered issues during the endoscopic procedures, were documented.Results:Two ESD were successful and no perforation occurred. Feedback from endoscopists suggested that 3D digestive endoscopy offered clear images with enhanced three-dimensionality during surgery, clear sense of distance and layering, allowing for a precise judgment of bleeding points, which surpassed 2D capabilities. No eye discomfort was experienced by endoscopists or assistants during or after the procedures. While endoscopists exhibited high confidence in 3D digestive endoscopy, they noted issues with image blurring when the camera was positioned less than 10 mm from the gastrointestinal tract wall.Conclusion:Preliminary results show that 3D digestive endoscopes can provide excellent stereo imaging, improved positioning accuracy, and safety during live animal stomach ESD procedures, without significantly increasing endoscopists' eye discomfort. Nevertheless, efforts are needed to address image blurring concerns when the camera is close to the gastrointestinal tract wall.
