Efficacy and safety of omalizumab in the treatment of chronic urticaria in children: a retrospective study
10.35541/cjd.20230006
- VernacularTitle:奥马珠单抗治疗儿童慢性荨麻疹的疗效和安全性回顾研究
- Author:
Shuzhen YUE
1
;
Ye SHU
;
Yangyang LUO
;
Keyao LI
;
Yuanyuan ZHANG
;
Jianping TANG
;
Zhu WEI
Author Information
1. 湖南省儿童医院皮肤科，长沙 410007
- Keywords:
Urticaria;
Child;
Therapy;
Biological agents;
Recurrence;
Omalizumab;
Chronic urticaria
- From:
Chinese Journal of Dermatology
2024;57(4):354-358
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of omalizumab in the treatment of chronic urticaria in children.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted. Patients with chronic urticaria were collected from the Department of Dermatology, Hunan Children′s Hospital from January to December 2021, and divided into a control group and a combination group according to different medication regimens. The patients in the combination group received subcutaneous injections of omalizumab (150 mg, once every 4 weeks) combined with conventional-dosage antihistamines, while the patients in the control group were only treated with double-dosage or multiple types of antihistamines. The course of treatment was 3 to 6 months. The clinical efficacy and adverse reactions were evaluated at 3, 6, and 12 months after the start of treatment, and the recurrence was evaluated at 3 and 6 months after the end of treatment.Results:A total of 46 children with chronic urticaria were collected. There were 23 children (13 males and 10 females) in the combination group, aged from 6 to 17 years and including 16 aged from 6 to 12 years and 7 aged from 13 to 17 years; according to the total serum IgE levels before treatment, the patients in the combination group were divided into an increased IgE subgroup (11 cases) and a normal IgE subgroup (12 cases). In the control group, there were 13 males and 10 females, aged from 6.33 to 16 years and including 15 aged from 6 to 12 years and 8 aged from 13 to 17 years. At 3, 6, and 12 months after the start of treatment, the response rates in the combination group were all 86.96% (20/23), which were all significantly higher than those in the control group (52.17% [12/23], 56.52% [13/23], 56.52% [13/23], P = 0.010, 0.022, 0.022, respectively). In the combination group, the response rates at 3, 6, and 12 months after the start of treatment were all 14/16 in the children aged 6 to 12 years and 6/7 in those aged 13 to 17 years, and there were no significant differences between the two age groups (all χ2 = 0.01, P = 0.907) ; in the control group, the response rates were 5/15, 6/15 and 5/15 respectively in the children aged 6 to 12 years, which were all significantly lower than those in the combination group ( P = 0.002, 0.006, 0.006, respectively). In the combination group, the response rates at 3, 6, and 12 months after the start of treatment were all 9/11 in the increased IgE subgroup and 11/12 in the normal IgE subgroup, and there were no significant differences between the two subgroups (all P = 0.484). During the treatment, no serious adverse reactions were observed in the combination group or control group, and mild somnolence only occurred in 2 children in the control group. At 3 months after the end of treatment, no recurrence was observed in 16 patients in the combination group, 2 out of 6 patients experienced recurrence in the control group, and the recurrence rate was lower in the combination group than in the control group ( P = 0.030) ; at 6 months after the end of treatment, no recurrence was observed in 16 patients in the combination group, 3 out of 6 patients experienced recurrence in the control group, and the recurrence rate was lower in the combination group than in the control group ( P = 0.022) . Conclusion:Omalizumab combined with conventional-dosage antihistamines could improve the clinical efficacy and reduce the recurrence rate in the treatment of chronic urticaria in children, with few adverse reactions.
