National bloodstream infection bacterial resistance surveillance report(2022): Gram-positive bacteria
- VernacularTitle:2022年全国血流感染细菌耐药监测报告：革兰阳性菌
- Author:
Chaoqun YING
1
;
Yunbo CHEN
;
Jinru JI
;
Zhiying LIU
;
Qing YANG
;
Haishen KONG
;
Haifeng MAO
;
Hui DING
;
Pengpeng TIAN
;
Jiangqin SONG
;
Yongyun LIU
;
Jiliang WANG
;
Yan JIN
;
Yuanyuan DAI
;
Yizheng ZHOU
;
Yan GENG
;
Fenghong CHEN
;
Lu WANG
;
Yanyan LI
;
Dan LIU
;
Peng ZHANG
;
Junmin CAO
;
Xiaoyan LI
;
Dijing SONG
;
Xinhua QIANG
;
Yanhong LI
;
Qiuying ZHANG
;
Guolin LIAO
;
Ying HUANG
;
Baohua ZHANG
;
Liang GUO
;
Aiyun LI
;
Haiquan KANG
;
Donghong HUANG
;
Sijin MAN
;
Zhuo LI
;
Youdong YIN
;
Kunpeng LIANG
;
Haixin DONG
;
Donghua LIU
;
Hongyun XU
;
Yinqiao DONG
;
Rong XU
;
Lin ZHENG
;
Shuyan HU
;
Jian LI
;
Qiang LIU
;
Liang LUAN
;
Jilu SHEN
;
Lixia ZHANG
;
Bo QUAN
;
Xiaoping YAN
;
Xiaoyan QI
;
Dengyan QIAO
;
Weiping LIU
;
Xiusan XIA
;
Ling MENG
;
Jinhua LIANG
;
Ping SHEN
;
Yonghong XIAO
Author Information
- Keywords: Gram-positive bacteria; Bacterial resistance; Bloodstream infections; Drug resistance monitoring; National area
- From: Chinese Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases 2024;17(2):99-112
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
- Abstract: Objective:To report the results of national surveillance on the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profile of clinical Gram-positive bacteria isolates from bloodstream infections in China in 2022.Methods:The clinical isolates of Gram-positive bacteria from blood cultures in member hospitals of National Bloodstream Infection Bacterial Resistant Investigation Collaborative System（BRICS）were collected during January 2022 to December 2022. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were conducted by agar dilution or broth dilution methods recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute（CLSI）. WHONET 5.6 and SPSS 25.0 software were used to analyze the data.Results:A total of 3 163 strains of Gram-positive pathogens were collected from 51 member units，and the top five bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus（ n=1 147，36.3%），coagulase-negative Staphylococci（ n=928，29.3%）， Enterococcus faecalis（ n=369，11.7%）， Enterococcus faecium（ n=296，9.4%）and alpha-hemolyticus Streptococci（ n=192，6.1%）. The detection rates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus（MRSA）and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci（MRCNS）were 26.4%（303/1 147）and 66.7%（619/928），respectively. No glycopeptide and daptomycin-resistant Staphylococci were detected. The sensitivity rates of Staphylococcus aureus to cefpirome，rifampin，compound sulfamethoxazole，linezolid，minocycline and tigecycline were all >95.0%. Enterococcus faecium was more prevalent than Enterococcus faecalis. The resistance rates of Enterococcus faecium to vancomycin and teicoplanin were both 0.5%（2/369），and no vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium was detected. The detection rate of MRSA in southern China was significantly lower than that in other regions（ χ2=14.578， P=0.002），while the detection rate of MRCNS in northern China was significantly higher than that in other regions（ χ2=15.195， P=0.002）. The detection rates of MRSA and MRCNS in provincial hospitals were higher than those in municipal hospitals（ χ2=13.519 and 12.136， P<0.001）. The detection rates of MRSA and MRCNS in economically more advanced regions（per capita GDP≥92 059 Yuan in 2022）were higher than those in economically less advanced regions（per capita GDP<92 059 Yuan）（ χ2=9.969 and 7.606， P=0.002和0.006）. Conclusions:Among the Gram-positive pathogens causing bloodstream infections in China， Staphylococci is the most common while the MRSA incidence decreases continuously with time；the detection rate of Enterococcus faecium exceeds that of Enterococcus faecalis. The overall prevalence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococci is still at a low level. The composition ratio of Gram-positive pathogens and resistant profiles varies slightly across regions of China，with the prevalence of MRSA and MRCNS being more pronounced in provincial hospitals and areas with a per capita GDP≥92 059 yuan.
