Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus-induced chronic osteomyelitis: an overview of pathological mechanisms and recent therapeutic progress

VernacularTitle:金黄色葡萄球菌慢性骨髓炎的病理机制及最新治疗进展
Author: Xiajun LIANG ¹ ; Chenghe QIN
Author Information

1. 暨南大学附属广东省第二人民医院创伤骨科，广州　510317
Keywords: Osteomyelitis; Infection; Recurrence; Staphylococcus aureus; Pathogenesis
From: Chinese Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma 2024;26(5):455-460
CountryChina
Language:Chinese
Abstract: Chronic osteomyelitis is a severe infectious disease caused primarily by Staphylococcus aureus and characterized by recurrent episodes of sinus drainage, chronic swelling, and bone destruction. Its treatment is challenging due to high rates of recurrence and disability which impose significant physical and financial burdens on its patients. Therefore, it has become a major global health problem that requires urgent attention. Recent research into its pathogenesis has been intensified due to advancements in medical technology and microbiology. In addition to antibiotic resistance, current studies have identified biofilm formation, intracellular infection, invasion of the bone trap network structure, and presence of small colony variants as factors contributing to this disease, providing new perspectives to understand the complexity of its treatment. This article reviews the impact of these mechanisms on the treatment challenges and explores the latest therapeutic prospects of the disease.