Analysis of nutritional status and quality of life in infants with congenital heart disease in 1 year after surgery
10.3760/cma.j.cn115822-20230827-00026
- VernacularTitle:先天性心脏病患儿术后1年的营养和健康状况变化调查
- Author:
Lijuan LI
1
;
Chunmei HU
;
Ting GONG
;
Linfang ZHANG
;
Yanqin CUI
Author Information
1. 广州医科大学附属妇女儿童医疗中心心脏中心心脏重症监护室，广州 510623
- Keywords:
Congenital heart disease;
Malnutrition;
Cardiac surgery
- From:
Chinese Journal of Clinical Nutrition
2024;32(4):226-231
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To study the growth trajectory and the incidence of malnutrition and clinical events in infants with congenital heart disease in 1 year after surgery.Methods:Children at the age of 1 year or younger who were diagnosed with congenital heart disease and underwent surgery at Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University from January 2018 to January 2019 were included. The age, gender, birth weight and length, and parental height and weight were collected, and the occurrence of clinical events of interest and the children's health as evaluated by caregiver within 1 year after surgery were followed up through questionnaire survey. Malnutrition was defined as a weight-for-age z-score (WAZ) ≤-2 at 1 year after surgery and a WAZ>-2 was defined as non-malnourished.Results:Among the 502 children, 301 were boys and 201 were girls, aged 4.1 (range: 2.0 to 6.8) months, of whom 64.7% were with simple congenital heart disease and 35.3% complex congenital heart disease. The children were generally with mild malnutrition (WAZ<-1 and >-2) before surgery. At 3 months and 6 months after surgery, the children showed a rapid growth catch-up, although failing to reach the normal level, and the trend plateaued at 1 year after surgery. The proportion of children with malnutrition decreased gradually within 1 year after surgery. 47.0% of included children had malnutrition before surgery, and the proportion decreased significantly at 3 months and 6 months, to 17.9% at 1 year after surgery. After discharge, these children suffered from upper respiratory infection most commonly (74.5%), followed by pneumonia (41.2%) and diarrhea (36.7%), and vomiting and constipation (22.1%). In terms of children's health status as evaluated by parents, about 32.0% of families considered their children in poor health before surgery, and the proportion decreased to 6.9% within 1 year after surgery.Conclusion:Infants with congenital heart disease continued to grow and catch up within 1 year after surgery, showing significantly improved nutrition status, but some children still experienced malnutrition at 1 year after surgery.
