A study on the current status of sarcopenia and diabetes self-management behaviors in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes
10.3760/cma.j.cn115822-20231102-00053
- VernacularTitle:老年2型糖尿病患者肌肉衰减现状及其糖尿病自我管理行为研究
- Author:
Min LI
1
;
Li WANG
;
Xinyi TU
;
Jingying ZHOU
;
Yingyue DONG
;
Jing LI
;
Kang YU
Author Information
1. 中国医学科学院 北京协和医学院护理学院，北京 100144
- Keywords:
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus;
Sarcopenia;
Grip Strength;
Six-meter Walk Speed;
Self-management
- From:
Chinese Journal of Clinical Nutrition
2024;32(2):71-79
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To investigate the current status of sarcopenia and self-management in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to explore the identification of risk factors for sarcopenia by diabetes self-management ability.Methods:Using convenience sampling, 284 elderly patients with T2DM who visited a community health service center in Beijing from March to September 2023 were selected as subjects. The patients were screened for sarcopenia and received related health examinations based on Asian working group for sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 Consensus. Surveys were conducted using general information questionnaire, the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities measure, and other questionnaires. Patients were divided into groups according to the presence or absence of muscle attenuation (defined as suspected and confirmed sarcopenia).Results:The prevalence of muscle attenuation in the 284 elderly patients with T2DM was 48.9%, and the prevalence of sarcopenia was 15.9%. The proportions of females, patients who are over 70 years old, and patients with a sedentary lifestyle were significantly higher in the group with muscle attenuation compared with the group without muscle attenuation. High-quality protein intake, extremity skeletal muscle mass index, grip strength, and six-meter walking speed were significantly lower in the muscle attenuation group. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that age, alcohol consumption, a sedentary lifestyle, and high-quality protein intake were influencing factors for sarcopenia in elderly patients with T2DM ( P<0.05). The total self-care scores and subtotals in exercise domains showed significant differences ( P<0.05) between patients with and without muscle attenuation. Univariate analysis indicated significant differences in self-management behaviors among patient groups stratified by grip strengths and 6-meter walk speeds ( P<0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that grip strength and 6-meter walk speed were influencing factors for exercise management behaviors in elderly patients with T2DM ( P<0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of sarcopenia in elderly patients with T2DM is relatively high, and their level of diabetes self-management is medium to low. Practitioners should pay extra attention to patients who are over 70 years old, with sedentary habits, with low intake of high-quality protein, and females. It's recommended to use grip strength and 6-meter walk speed tests as initial screening tools for sarcopenia in elderly patients with T2DM, in order to identify risks early and implement targeted health management to promote the development of good self-management behaviors among patients.
