Analysis of monitoring results of iodine deficiency disorders in pregnant women in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2015 to 2022
10.3760/cma.j.cn231583-20240118-00017
- VernacularTitle:2015 - 2022年广西壮族自治区孕妇碘缺乏病监测结果分析
- Author:
Lanying LUO
1
;
Min LIAO
;
Haoquan LU
;
Fenfen WANG
Author Information
1. 广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心环境卫生与地方病防制所，南宁 530028
- Keywords:
Iodine;
Salts;
Urine;
Pregnant women
- From:
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
2024;43(9):713-718
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To dynamically study the iodine nutritional status of pregnant women in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (referred to as Guangxi), providing a basis for timely implementation of targeted prevention and control measures and scientific adjustment of intervention strategies.Methods:From 2015 to 2022, a survey was conducted in Guangxi on a county-by-county basis. One township/street was selected from each county based on the east, west, south, north, and center directions, and 20 pregnant women were selected from each township/street. Salt and urine samples were collected from the homes of pregnant women to detect salt and urine iodine levels.Results:A total of 78 034 pregnant women were surveyed from 2015 to 2022, with a median salt iodine concentration of 24.4 mg/kg. The overall coverage rate of iodized salt, qualification rate of iodized salt, consumption rate of qualified iodized salt, and the rate of non-iodized salt were 99.0% (77 250/78 034), 95.9% (74 105/77 250), 95.0% (74 105/78 034), and 1.0% (784/78 034), respectively. The comparison of qualified iodized salt consumption rates in different regions (cities) showed statistically significant difference (χ 2 = 3 801.28, P < 0.001), with Baise City had the highest (98.1%, 8 328/8 488) and Beihai City had the lowest (70.7%, 1 909/2 700); except for Beihai City, the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt in all other cities was over 90%. The median urinary iodine level among pregnant was 148 μg/L. The difference in urinary iodine levels among pregnant women between different years was statistically significant ( H = 2 516.52, P < 0.001), with the highest level in 2020 (169 μg/L) and the lowest level in 2015 (126 μg/L). From 2020 to 2022, the median urinary iodine level for pregnant women was ≥150 μg/L, while from 2015 to 2019, it was < 150 μg/L. There were statistically significant difference in urinary iodine levels among pregnant women in different regions (cities, H = 495.69, P < 0.001), with Liuzhou City and Guilin City had the highest levels (both at 156 μg/L), and Beihai City had the lowest level (132 μg/L). The median urinary iodine levels of pregnant women in the early, middle, and late stages of pregnancy were 154, 147, and 154 μg/L, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in urine iodine levels among pregnant women in different pregnancy stages ( H = 158.64, P < 0.001), with mid pregnancy being lower than early and late pregnancy ( P < 0.017). Conclusions:The overall iodine nutrition level of pregnant women in Guangxi is slightly insufficient, especially in coastal cities such as Beihai City. We should continue to adhere to the strategy of using iodized salt to prevent and control iodine deficiency disorders. At the same time, we should strengthen health education for pregnant women, and adopt targeted and precise iodine supplementation measures for pregnant women in different regions and during pregnancy.
