Four cases of MOG antibody-associated disease with cortical encephalitis as the main manifestation and review of the literature
10.19845/j.cnki.zfysjjbzz.2024.0158
- VernacularTitle:以皮质脑炎为主要表现的MOG抗体相关病4例并文献复习
- Author:
Yaru SHI
1
;
Xu CHU
;
Mingkang GAO
Author Information
1. 济宁医学院临床医学院,山东 济宁 272002
- Keywords:
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein;
Cortical encephalitis;
MOG antibody-related disorders;
epilepsy
- From:
Journal of Apoplexy and Nervous Diseases
2024;41(9):829-834
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective We report four cases of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein(MOG)antibody-associated dis-ease(MOG-AD)with cortical encephalitis as the main manifestation.We analyse the clinical features and relevant ancil-lary tests,and review the literature in order to provide a reference basis for the proper clinical management of this disease.Methods The clinical manifestations,cerebrospinal fluid cytology,imaging,treatment and prognosis of four patients with MOG-AD with cortical encephalitis as the main manifestation,admitted to the Department of Neurology of the Affili-ated Hospital of Jining Medical University from October 2020 to February 2023,were retrospectively analyzed.The anti-MOG antibodies were detected by a cell-based assay(CBA).Results The four patients in this paper were aged 16-32 years and all presented with cortical encephalitis.Three of them started with seizures and one presented with his first sei-zure 15 d after headache and fever.The cranial MRI showed thickening of brain tissue in the cortical area and multiple ab-normal signal shadows in the sulcal pools,with relatively high signal on FLAIR images.Serum anti-MOG antibody tests were positive.The patients were treated with hormones and/or immunoglobulin and discharged,with two patients experi-encing relapses.Conclusion MOG-AD can have a predominantly cortical encephalitis phenotype,presenting with head-ache,fever and seizures.The initial diagnosis is easily made as"infective meningoencephalitis or meningitis",and cra-nial MRI often shows unilateral or bilateral cortical swelling;immunotherapy is effective,but some patients may experi-ence recurrence;for patients with cortical encephalitis who are poorly treated with anti-infective therapy,the disease needs to be alerted,and a"positive"serum MOG-IgG test can clarify the diagnosis.
