Effect of swallowing function training based on dynamic swallowing function assessment and aspiration risk classification in elderly patients with dysphagia
10.3760/cma.j.cn115682-20201217-06736
- VernacularTitle:基于动态吞咽功能评定及误吸风险分级下的吞咽功能训练在老年吞咽障碍患者中的应用
- Author:
Shuli GAO
1
;
Yajuan BAI
;
Xiaoyu ZHANG
Author Information
1. 郑州大学第一附属医院神经内二科，郑州 450052
- Keywords:
Aged;
Deglutition disorders;
Standard swallowing function assessment;
Aspiration;
Rehabilitation training
- From:
Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing
2021;27(22):2987-2992
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To explore the intervention effect of swallowing function training based on swallowing function assessment and aspiration risk classification in elderly patients with dysphagia.Methods:From January 2018 to December 2019, convenience sampling was used to select patients with dysphagia admitted to the Department of Geriatrics of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. The patients were divided into a control group and an observation group according to the hospital stay. The patients hospitalized from January to December 2018 were in the control group, and the patients hospitalized from January to December 2019 were in the observation group. The control group carried out routine nursing for swallowing dysfunction, and the observation group implemented swallowing training based on dynamic swallowing function assessment and aspiration risk classification for 6 weeks. The Standardized Swallowing Assessment (SSA) score and aspiration risk grade, Deglutition Handicap Index (DHI) score, and the incidence of aspiration and aspiration pneumonia were compared between the two groups.Results:Among the 185 patients, 3 cases were eliminated without completing all training. There were 83 cases in the control group and 99 cases in the observation group. The SSA score and aspiration symptom scores of DHI of the control group after intervention were higher than those before intervention, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . After the intervention, the SSA score, total score and scores of all dimensions of DHI of the observation group were lower than those before and of the control group after intervention, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . After the intervention, the aspiration risk classification of the two groups was compared, and the difference was statistically significant ( Z=9.143, P<0.001) . The aspiration rate and the incidence of aspiration pneumonia in the observation group were 13.13% (13/99) and 7.07% (7/99) respectively, and the aspiration rate and the incidence of aspiration pneumonia in the control group were 25.30% (21/83) and 18.07% (15/83) , the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Swallowing function training based on dynamic swallowing function assessment and aspiration risk classification can effectively improve the swallowing function and quality of life of elderly patients with dysphagia, and reduce the incidence of aspiration and aspiration pneumonia.
