Craving and treatment in smoking.
10.5124/jkma.2011.54.4.401
- Author:
Min Hyuk KIM
1
;
Seongho MIN
Author Information
1. Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea. mchorock@yonsei.kr
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
Smoking;
Tobacco use disorder;
Craving;
Urge
- MeSH:
Benzazepines;
Bupropion;
Gingiva;
Nicotine;
Quinoxalines;
Recurrence;
Smoke;
Smoking;
Smoking Cessation;
Tobacco Use Cessation Products;
Tobacco Use Disorder;
Varenicline
- From:Journal of the Korean Medical Association
2011;54(4):401-408
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:Korean
-
Abstract:
Craving has been well known to be the most important clinical phenomenon in smoking cessation treatment and one that physicians always encounter. For successful and prolonged abstinence, understanding, evaluation, and management of craving are essential. The concept and definition of craving is still under debate, although its importance, relevance, and role in smoking relapse is evident. There are two types of craving, 'abstinence-induced craving' and 'cue-induced craving' according to time dynamic and causes. The evaluation of craving mainly depends on self-reported measures in the clinical field. Pharmacological treatments such as the nicotine patch, bupropion, and varenicline are effective for abstinence-induced craving. Psychosocial treatment and a few pharmacological agents such as nicotine gum and lozenges are useful for reducing cue-induced craving. This review was aimed at conveying up-to-date information on the characteristics, evaluation, and treatment of craving. Development of objective measurement tool for evaluation of craving is needed. The effects of pharmacological treatments on 'cue-induced craving' remain to be discovered. An active effort to alleviate each type of craving is necessary to enhance and prolong a patient's abstinence.
