Immunotherapy based on neoantigen:A personalized treatment strategy for melanoma

VernacularTitle:黑色素瘤个体化治疗策略:基于新抗原的特异性免疫治疗
Author: Xizhi WEN ¹ ; Xiaoshi ZHANG
Author Information

1. 中山大学肿瘤防治中心(广州 510060)
Keywords: melanoma; neoantigen; immunotherapy
From: The Journal of Practical Medicine 2024;40(10):1331-1337
CountryChina
Language:Chinese
Abstract: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have significantly improved the prognosis of patients with mela-noma,but primary and acquired resistance have led to a bottleneck in treatment.The binding of T-cell receptors to tumor antigens is the key point for immunotherapy.Neoantigens are newly formed antigens generated by tumor cells as a result of various tumor-specific alterations.Neoantigens,identifiable as foreign entities,have the capacity to initiate an immune response unfettered by central and peripheral tolerance mechanisms.This distinctive characteristic renders them highly promising targets in the realm of cancer therapy.Vaccines targeting tumor neoantigens,adoptive cell transfer,and antibody-based therapies can effectively enhance and expand tumor-specific immune responses,promoting T-cell recognition and elimination of tumors,thereby breaking through current treatment bottlenecks.This article discusses the current status,recent advancements,clinical challenges,and future direc-tions in the personalized treatment of melanoma based on neoantigens.