Characteristics and risk factors of functional constipation in children aged 0-4 years in Xi ′an
10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20220309-00187
- VernacularTitle:西安市0~4岁儿童功能性便秘患病特征及危险因素分析
- Author:
Tang LI
1
;
Junjie HUANG
;
Lei SHANG
;
Xun JIANG
;
Yan LIN
;
Xiangzeng LIU
;
Hongwei GUO
;
Wei ZHANG
;
Baoxi WANG
Author Information
1. 空军军医大学唐都医院儿科，西安 710000
- Keywords:
Constipation;
Prevalence;
Child;
Questionnaires
- From:
Chinese Journal of Pediatrics
2022;60(7):647-654
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To investigate the epidemiology, characteristics and risk factors of functional constipation (FC) in children aged 0-4 years in Xi′an.Methods:From October, 2020 to June, 2021, a prevalence survey was conducted among 2 615 children aged 0-4 years in Xi′an by group sampling. The related factors of FC were investigated by questionnaire designed based on Rome Ⅳ diagnostic criteria.The children were divided into FC group and non-FC group. The prevalence, symptoms and signs of FC were analyzed, and its risk factors were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression.Results:A total of 2 985 valid questionnaires were handed out, and 2 711 (90.8%) were received back. A total of 2 615 questionnaires were valid, with an effective rate of 96.5%. There were 1 338 males (51.2%) and 1 277 females (48.8%). There were 260 cases in FC group and 2 355 cases in non-FC group. The prevalence of FC in children aged 0-4 years in Xi ′an was 10.6%.There were significant differences in FC prevalence among children of different ages and sex (χ 2=14.58,4.39, both P<0.05), but not in urban or rural residence (χ 2=3.29, P=0.070). The main symptoms of FC group in the last month were large-diameter feces (73.5%, 191/260), painful defecation or dry and hard defecation (65.8%, 171/260). In the last month, FC group had higher incidences of the Bristol type 1, 2 and 3 stool, fecal retention, prolonged defecation, abdominal pain and incomplete defecation compared with non-FC group, with statistical significance (all P<0.05). Parental history of childhood constipation ( OR=2.13, 95% CI 1.55-2.92), fever in the last month ( OR=1.86, 95% CI 1.32-2.63), history of constipation ( OR=3.24, 95% CI 2.46-4.26) and taking probiotics in the last month ( OR=1.45, 95% CI 1.11-1.91) were risk factors of FC in children aged 0-4 years. Stratified with age, the results showed that complementary feeding earlier than 5 months of age or later than 6 months of age ( OR=2.42, 95% CI 1.13-5.20), dry stools during the complementary feeding ( OR=11.27, 95% CI 5.15-24.66), history of constipation ( OR=2.29, 95% CI 1.23-4.29) and taking probiotics in the last month ( OR=1.88, 95% CI 1.10-3.23) were risk factors of FC in children aged 0-<1 year, and breastfeeding ( OR=0.53, 95% CI 0.29-0.94) was a protective factor of FC in children aged 0-<1 year. Family members′ recent constipation history ( OR=2.02, 95% CI 1.06-3.85) and past history of constipation ( OR=3.06, 95% CI 1.74-5.38) were FC risk factors for children aged 1-<2 years. Parental history of childhood constipation ( OR=3.12, 95% CI 2.00-4.85), frequency of eating vegetables less than 3 times per week ( OR=3.28, 95% CI 2.00-5.38), history of constipation ( OR=3.66, 95% CI 2.42-5.53) and taking antibiotics in the last month ( OR=1.65, 95% CI 1.06-2.55) were risk factors for FC in children aged 2-4 years. Conclusions:FC in children aged 0-4 years in Xi′an is mainly manifested with large-diameter feces and painful defecation or dry and hard defecation in the last month. It is associated with a variety of risk factors, which are different in different age groups.
