PTHrP participates in the bone destruction of middle ear cholesteatoma via promoting macrophage differentiation into osteoclasts induced by RANKL
10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2024.230482
- VernacularTitle:PTHrP促进RANKL诱导巨噬细胞分化为破骨细胞参与中耳胆脂瘤骨破坏
- Author:
Shumin XIE
1
,
2
,
3
,
4
;
Li JIN
;
Jinfeng FU
;
Qiulin YUAN
;
Tuanfang YIN
;
Jihao REN
;
Wei LIU
Author Information
1. 中南大学湘雅医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,长沙 410008
2. 耳鼻咽喉重大疾病研究湖南省重点实验室,长沙 410008
3. 湖南省咽喉嗓音疾病临床医学研究中心,长沙 410008
4. 国家老年医学临床研究中心(湘雅医院),长沙 410008
- Keywords:
parathyroid hormone-related protein;
middle ear cholesteatoma;
receptor activator for nuclear factor-kappa B ligand;
osteoprotegerin;
osteoclasts;
macrophages
- From:
Journal of Central South University(Medical Sciences)
2024;49(5):655-666
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:Progressive bone resorption and destruction is one of the most critical clinical features of middle ear cholesteatoma,potentially leading to various intracranial and extracranial complications.However,the mechanisms underlying bone destruction in middle ear cholesteatoma remain unclear.This study aims to explore the role of parathyroid hormone-related protein(PTHrP)in bone destruction associated with middle ear cholesteatoma. Methods:A total of 25 cholesteatoma specimens and 13 normal external auditory canal skin specimens were collected from patients with acquired middle ear cholesteatoma.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expressions of PTHrP,receptor activator for nuclear factor-kappa B ligand(RANKL),and osteoprotegerin(OPG)in cholesteatoma and normal tissues.Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP)staining was used to detect the presence of TRAP positive multi-nucleated macrophages in cholesteatoma and normal tissues.Mono-nuclear macrophage RAW264.7 cells were subjected to interventions,divided into a RANKL intervention group and a PTHrP+RANKL co-intervention group.TRAP staining was used to detect osteoclast formation in the 2 groups.The mRNA expression levels of osteoclast-related genes,including TRAP,cathepsin K(CTSK),and nuclear factor of activated T cell cytoplasmic 1(NFATc1),were measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction(real-time PCR)after the interventions.Bone resorption function of osteoclasts was assessed using a bone resorption pit analysis. Results:Immunohistochemical staining showed significantly increased expression of PTHrP and RANKL and decreased expression of OPG in cholesteatoma tissues(all P<0.05).PTHrP expression was significantly positively correlated with RANKL,the RANKL/OPG ratio,and negatively correlated with OPG expression(r=0.385,r=0.417,r=-0.316,all P<0.05).Additionally,the expression levels of PTHrP and RANKL were significantly positively correlated with the degree of bone destruction in cholesteatoma(r=0.413,r=0.505,both P<0.05).TRAP staining revealed a large number of TRAP-positive cells,including multi-nucleated osteoclasts with three or more nuclei,in the stroma surrounding the cholesteatoma epithelium.After 5 days of RANKL or PTHrP+RANKL co-intervention,the number of osteoclasts was significantly greater in the PTHrP+RANKL co-intervention group than that in the RANKL group(P<0.05),with increased mRNA expression levels of TRAP,CTSK,and NFATc1(all P<0.05).Scanning electron microscopy of bone resorption pits showed that the number(P<0.05)and size of bone resorption pits on bone slices were significantly greater in the PTHrP+RANKL co-intervention group compared with the RANKL group. Conclusion:PTHrP may promote the differentiation of macrophages in the surrounding stroma of cholesteatoma into osteoclasts through RANKL induction,contributing to bone destruction in middle ear cholesteatoma.
