Progress on acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in children
10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4408.2024.10.007
- VernacularTitle:儿童急性播散性脑脊髓炎的研究进展
- Author:
Xiao ZHANG
1
;
Yang FU
;
Fengjuan LU
Author Information
1. 国家儿童医学中心 复旦大学附属儿科医院住院医师规范化培训儿科专业基地，上海 201102
- Keywords:
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis;
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody;
Multiple sclerosis;
Optic neuromyelitis spectrum disease
- From:
International Journal of Pediatrics
2024;51(10):680-684
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis（ADEM）is a common inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system in children.The etiology is not yet clear，but it is currently mainly believed to be related to the activation of autoimmune reactions following infection.ADEM is typically a monophasic disease，unlike other demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders.With the increasing recognition，understanding，and detection of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies in recent years，the diagnosis and treatment of ADEM may further evolve.The diagnosis of ADEM is clinical and requires exclusion of other infectious，inflammatory，neoplastic，and genetic conditions.The acute phase treatment methods include intravenous injection of high-dose corticosteroids，therapeutic plasma exchange，and intravenous immunoglobulin，with a generally good prognosis.This review summarizes the current knowledge on the pathogenesis，epidemiology，clinical features，diagnosis and differentiation，treatment，and prognosis of ADEM in children.
