Injury and protection of spiral ganglion neurons
10.1097/CM9.0000000000002765
- VernacularTitle:Injury and protection of spiral ganglion neurons
- Author:
Beilei DUAN
1
;
A. Kevin PENG
;
Line WANG
Author Information
1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
- Keywords:
Spiral ganglion;
Injury;
Protection;
Auditory hair cell;
Ototoxic drugs;
Aminoglycosides;
Presbycusis
- From:
Chinese Medical Journal
2024;137(6):651-656
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Cochlear spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) are bipolar ganglion cells and are the first neurons in the auditory transduction pathway. They transmit complex acoustic information from hair cells to second-order sensory neurons in the cochlear nucleus for sound processing. Injury to SGNs causes largely irreversible hearing impairment because these neurons are highly differentiated cells and cannot regenerate, making treatment of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) arising from SGN injury difficult. When exposed to ototoxic drugs or damaging levels of noise or when there is loss of neurotrophic factors (NTFs), aging, and presence of other factors, SGNs can be irreversibly damaged, resulting in SNHL. It has been found that NTFs and stem cells can induce regeneration among dead spiral ganglion cells. In this paper, we summarized the present knowledge regarding injury, protection, and regeneration of SGNs.
