Survey on fungi contamination and natural occurrence of mycotoxins in 94 corn feed ingredients ;collected from China
10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2016.10.013
- VernacularTitle:中国94份玉米饲料原料中真菌及其毒素污染状况调查
- Author:
Xiaomin HAN
1
;
Hongyuan ZHANG
;
Jing ZHANG
;
Wenjing XU
;
Dan LIU
;
Tao JIANG
;
Jin XU
;
Fengqin LI
Author Information
1. 国家食品安全风险评估中心卫生部风险评估重点实验室
- Keywords:
Fungi;
Mycotoxins;
Simultaneous analysis
- From:
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
2016;50(10):907-911
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective To investigate fungi contamination and the natural occurrence of mycotoxins in corn feed ingredients collected from China. Methods A total of 94 corn feed ingredient samples were collected from 8 Chinese provinces (i.e., Anhui, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, and Shandong) in February 2014. A tandem ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method was used for simultaneous detection of twelve kinds of mycotoxins, including aflatoxin (AF), type A and type B tricothecenes, and zearalenone (ZEN). Contaminated fungi were also identified and counted. Results AF was detected in 36.2%(34/94) of samples;the concentration of AFB1 was the highest in the four AFs with the range:0.3~181.3μg/kg;and then followed by AFB2 (range:1.0-74.3μg/kg). There were 7 samples (7.5%) with AFB1 concentrations higher than the tolerance limit of 50 μg/kg. The concentration of type A tricothecenes in all samples was lower (0.1-10.5μg/kg). DON had the most serious contamination than other kind of type B tricothecenes (range: 0.7-606.6 μg/kg; median: 66.3 μg/kg). The DON concentration in all samples was below the tolerance limit of 1 000μg/kg. ZEN was detected in 76.6%(72/94) of samples (median: 36.9 μg/kg), with 3 samples having ZEN concentrations higher than the tolerance limit of 500μg/kg. The survey on fungi contamination showed that all samples were contaminated by fungi (range:5.0-1.4×105 CFU/g). There were 18 and 3 samples with quantities of fungi higher than the tolerance and forbidden limits, respectively. The Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium, Trichoderma and Mucor genuses were the predominant fungi in corn feed ingredients, with detection rates of 71.3%(67), 60.6%(57), 71.3%(67), 27.7%(26), and 24.5%(23), respectively. The detection rate of Fusarium moniliforme, 73.4%(69/94) was higher than that of Aspergillus flavus, 41.5% (39/94). Conclusion In this survey, the corn feed ingredients were not seriously contaminated by AF and type A tricothecenes but mainly contaminated by type B trichothecenes, including DON and its derivatives, as well as ZEN. They were also contaminated by fungi such as Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Fusarium.
