Study on the effect of non-invasive correction of infants with congenital auricular deformity
10.3760/cma.j.cn114453-20231130-00244
- VernacularTitle:小儿耳廓畸形无创矫正治疗效果研究
- Author:
Shanshan ZHUO
1
;
Haitang REN
;
Jing PANG
;
Min WANG
Author Information
1. 天津市天津医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科，天津 300211
- Keywords:
Ear auricle;
Auricle deformity;
Non-invasive correction;
Therapeutic effect;
Cure time
- From:
Chinese Journal of Plastic Surgery
2024;40(8):870-877
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To investigate the effect and influencing factors of non-invasive correction of infants with congenital auricular deformity.Methods:The data of infants with congenital auricular deformity were retrospectively analyzed, who were treated with domestic external ear orthosis in the Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of Tianjin Hospital from January 1, 2019 to June 30, 2023. Before treatment, the skin was prepared routinely. First, the orthosis base was installed and pressed to fit the skin around the ear. Then, according to the type of auricle deformity, the ear hook and ear cover were installed, and the adhesive tape was fixed. During the corrective treatment, the orthosis was worn all day, and the treatment was ended if there was no obvious rebound after 1 month of observation. The complications were closely observed during treatment. After the treatment, the treatment effect was evaluated and divided into markedly effective, effective and ineffective. The markedly effective rate (markedly effective ears/total ears × 100%) and effective rate [(markedly effective ears + effective ears)/ total ears × 100%] were calculated. At the same time, the cure time of the markedly effective children was recorded, and they were grouped according to different types of auricle deformities and the initial age of correction (<2, 2-6, >6 weeks groups), and the related indicators were compared. SPSS 23.0 software was used for statistical analysis. The measurement data were expressed by Mean±SD. The comparison between multiple groups was analyzed by one-way ANOVA. The pairwise comparison between groups was performed by LSD method. The counting data was expressed by frequency (% or ratio). The comparison between multiple groups was performed by χ 2 test, and the pairwise comparison between groups was performed by Fisher test with adjusted α value. Results:A total of 31 cases (55 ears) were included, including 13 males (23 ears) and 18 females (32 ears), aged 4 to 127 d. There were 13 lop ears, 6 constricted ears, 6 cup ears, 4 Stahl’s ears, 5 prominent ears, 18 helical rim deformity ears, 2 conchal crus ears and 1 Ⅱ degree microtia ear. During the treatment, 5 ears had skin lesions, 5 ears had mild allergic reactions, and 2 ears had severe allergic reactions, who improved significantly and continued treatment after removal of the external orthosis and use of erythromycin ointment. After noninvasive correction treatment, the auricle deformity of the children was improved to different extent. The overall markedly effective rate was 70.91% (39/55), and the overall effective rate was 90.91% (50/55). The markedly effective rate of lop ear, constricted ear, cup ear, Stahl’s ear, prominent ear, helical rim deformity ear, conchal ear and Ⅱ degree microtia ear were 13/13, 4/6, 4/6, 4/4, 4/5, 8/18, 2/2, 0/1 respectively. The average cure time of 39 markedly effective ears was (36.08±14.77) d. The cure time of different auricle deformity types was statistically significant ( P<0.01). Pairwise comparison between the groups showed that the cure time of lop ears was shorter than constricted ears, cup ears, Stahl’s ear, prominent ears, and that the cure time of prominent ears was longer than lop ears, constricted ears, cup ears, Stahl’s ears, helical rim deformity ears, conchal crus ears (all P<0.05). According to different initial ages of correction, the children were divided into <2-week-old group (12 cases, 21 ears), 2-6-week-old group (10 cases, 18 ears), and >6-week-old group (9 cases, 15 ears), excluding 1 Ⅱ degree microtia ear. The markedly effective rates were (90.5%) 19/21, 13/18, and 7/15, respectively, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05). The comparison between groups showed that the markedly effective rate of <2-week-old group was significantly higher than that of >6-week-old group ( P<0.017), but there was no statistically significant difference in the cure time among the three groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The effect of non-invasive correction for congenital auricular deformity in infants is significant. The type of congenital auricular deformity is a key factor that affects the therapeutic effect and cure time. In lop ear, Stahl’s ear, prominent ear and conchal crus deformity, good therapeutic effects can be seen, but in constricted ear, cup ear, helical rim deformity ear and Ⅱ degree microtia, the effects are poor. The cure time of lop ear is short, while the cure time of prominent ear is long. The better effect can be acquired in the earlier non-invasive correction.
