Diagnosis of allergen components in fungi and microbial communities: patient sensitization characteristics and main sensitizing proteins
10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240304-00179
- VernacularTitle:真菌与皮肤微生物组过敏原组分诊断：患者致敏特征与主要致敏蛋白
- Author:
Haisheng HU
1
;
Wenting LUO
;
Peiyan ZHENG
;
Baoqing SUN
Author Information
1. 广州医科大学附属第一医院检验科，呼吸疾病全国重点实验室，国家呼吸医学中心，国家呼吸系统疾病临床研究中心，广州呼吸健康研究院，广州 510120
- Keywords:
Fungi;
Microorganisms;
Allergies
- From:
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
2024;58(5):711-718
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
The human body, as a highly complex ecosystem, harbors diverse microbial communities, with major factors triggering allergic reactions encompassing the skin microbiome and fungi. The global diversity of fungi is estimated to range from approximately 600 000 to 1 million species, and theoretically, IgE-mediated sensitization may occur to any fungal species. As of now, the World Health Organization/IUIS official database records 113 fungal allergens originating from 30 different fungi species, covering 42 allergen families. Regarding the skin microbiome, 14 distinct Malassezia allergens have been identified, all derived from three different Malassezia fungi species-- M. furfur, M. sympodialis, and M. globosa. The conditions of patients with these allergies are exceptionally complex. This article extensively discusses the latest research advancements and clinical applications related to skin microbiome and fungal allergies from the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) publication, "Molecular Allergology User′s Guide 2.0". Additionally, it compiles information on the sources of fungal allergens, characteristics of allergen component protein families, clinical relevance, and management strategies, both domestically and internationally. The aim is to enhance the profound understanding of allergen components among relevant professionals. Through the application of advanced allergen component diagnostic techniques, the goal is to achieve precise diagnosis and treatment of fungal allergy patients and explore the mechanisms underlying fungal sensitization and pathogenesis, laying the foundation for studying the fungal allergen protein sensitization spectrum in the Chinese population.
