A multicenter clinical study on the incidence and influencing factors of cephalosporin-induced anaphylaxis
10.3724/zdxbyxb-2024-0100
- VernacularTitle:静脉注射头孢菌素类药物患者过敏反应发生率及其影响因素的多中心临床研究
- Author:
Ping YANG
1
,
2
,
3
;
Dandan DAI
;
Qingyu LI
;
Haichao ZHAN
;
Xumei LI
;
Xiaoyan LU
;
Min HE
;
Na CHEN
;
Saiping JIANG
;
Xiaoyang LU
Author Information
1. 浙江大学医学院附属第一医院临床药学科,浙江 杭州 310003
2. 浙江省药物评价与临床研究重点实验室,浙江 杭州 310003
3. 浙江省中药临床评价与转化研究重点实验室,浙江 杭州 310003
- Keywords:
Cephalosporin;
Skin test;
Anaphylaxis;
Body mass index;
β-lactam antibiotics
- From:
Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences
2024;53(5):615-622
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of allergic reactions to cephalosporins.Methods:A cross-sectional study of 29 medical institutions in Zhejiang Province was conducted from April 2021 to June 2021.The incidence of allergic reactions to cephalosporins was investigated,and the influencing factors of cephalosporin-induced allergic reactions were analyzed by Poisson regression.Results:A total of 56 155 patients were included in this study.The total incidence of allergic reactions to cephalosporin was 1.67‰,the highest incidence of anaphylaxis occurred for ceftizoxime(4.27‰),followed by ceftriaxone(3.49‰)and cefotaxime(2.40‰).There was no significant difference in the incidence of allergic reactions between patients with negative skin tests and those without skin tests(1.75％o vs.1.63‰,RR=1.07,95％CI:0.70-1.63,P＞0.05).Poisson regression showed that body mass index(BMI)＜18.5 kg/m2(RR=2.43,95％CI:1.23-4.82,P＜0.05)and history of β-lactam antibiotics allergy(RR=33.88,95％CI:1.47-781.12,P＜0.05)increased cephalosporin-induced anaphylaxis.Compared with cefuroxime,the risk of allergic reactions was increased for ceftriaxone(RR=3.08,95％CI:1.70-5.59,P＜0.01),ceftazidime(RR=1.89,95％CI:1.03-3.47,P＜0.05),and ceftizoxime(RR=3.74,95％CI:1.64-8.50,P＜0.01).Conclusions:Lower BMI and history of β-lactam antibiotics allergy increase the risk of cephalosporin allergic reactions.The routine skin test may not reduce the occurrence of allergic reactions to cephalosporins. This study has been registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(ChiCTR2200064314).
