Features and influencing factors of self-discrimination among HIV/AIDS patients according to sex
10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2016.10.006
- VernacularTitle:从性别视角分析HIV感染者和艾滋病患者自我歧视状况及其影响因素
- Author:
Lahong JU
1
;
Fan LYU
;
Peng XU
;
Wanying CHEN
;
Huijing HE
;
Liping MA
Author Information
1. 中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心
- Keywords:
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome;
HIV;
Self-discrimination;
Influencing factors
- From:
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
2016;50(10):863-868
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the features and influencing factors of self-discrimination among patients with HIV/AIDS according to sex. Methods A total of 2 432 HIV/AIDS patients were recruited in Yunnan, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Shanxi, Jilin, and Inner Mongolia provinces by a multistage stratified cluster sampling method, based on HIV epidemic and transmission modes, from May 2013 to October 2013. All participants were ≥18 years old, and we excluded those with mental disorders, hearing loss or other factors that prevented them from properly answering questions, and those who were unwilling to participate. A self-designed questionnaire was conducted to collect information about self-discrimination features and social behavior changes among HIV/AIDS patients. Differences in performance and self-discrimination features between participants of different sexes were compared using the chi-squared test. Factors influencing self-discrimination were analyzed by sex, using unconditional logistic regression. Results Of the 2 432 cases, 78.9%(1 918 cases) were male and 21.1%(514 cases) female. The proportion of self-discrimination overall was 76.1%(1 850 cases);this proportion among female HIV/AIDS patients was 80.5%(414 cases), which was higher than that among men (74.9%, 1 436 cases) (χ2=7.17, P=0.007). Of the 11 forms of self-discrimination performance, proportions of feeling guilt, shame, and self-abasement among participants were greater than 50%. Proportions of feeling shame, inferiority, and blaming others among females were 61.3%, 59.5%, and 45.3%, respectively, which were higher than these among males (49.8%, 50.0%, 28.4%, respectively) (P<0.01). Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of self-discrimination among those with HIV confirmatory testing time≥1 year was higher than those with HIV confirmatory testing time<1 year (females:OR=35.67, 95%CI:17.28-73.64;males:OR=8.74, 95%CI:6.79-11.25). Compared with other occupations, the risk of self-discrimination among male farm workers was higher (OR=1.62, 95%CI:1.03-2.54). The risks of self-discrimination in males who had been infected with HIV by transmission routes of blood transfusion or blood collection (OR=2.38, 95%CI:1.31-4.30), injection drug use (OR=1.78, 95%CI:1.09-2.91), and male-to-male sexual behavior (OR=1.48, 95%CI:1.08-2.03) were higher than in males infected via heterosexual behavior. Conclusion Female HIV/AIDS patients are more likely to engage in self-discrimination than male patients. Self-discrimination mainly takes the form of feeling remorse, shame, and inferiority. Confirmatory testing time≥1 year, occupation as a farm work, and routes of transmission via blood transfusion or collection, injection drug use, and male-to-male sexual behavior are influencing factors of self-discrimination among male HIV/AIDS patients. Confirmatory testing time ≥1 year is the influencing factor of self-discrimination among female HIV/AIDS patients.
