Genetic analysis of a Chinese pedigree affected with Branchio-oculo-facial syndrome and a literature review
10.3760/cma.j.cn511374-20230720-00008
- VernacularTitle:鳃裂眼面综合征一个家系的遗传学分析暨文献复习
- Author:
Ke LI
1
;
Hengqing SUN
;
Yu GUO
;
Gege SUN
;
Huikun DUAN
;
Xiangdong KONG
;
Ning LIU
Author Information
1. 郑州大学第一附属医院妇产医学部遗传与产前诊断中心，郑州 450052
- Keywords:
Branchio-oculo-facial syndrome;
Cleft lip with or without cleft palate;
TFAP2A gene;
Genetic variant
- From:
Chinese Journal of Medical Genetics
2024;41(9):1084-1089
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To explore the genetic etiology of a Chinese pedigree affected with Branchio-oculo-facial syndrome (BOFS) and summarize the prenatal phenotype of BOFS patients.Methods:A pedigree with BOFS which had presented at the Genetics and Prenatal Diagnosis Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University in December 2021 was selected as the study subject. Clinical data of the pedigree was collected. The fetus was subjected to routine prenatal ultrasound scan. Trio-whole exome sequencing (trio-WES) was carried out for the fetus and its parents, and candidate variant was verified by Sanger sequencing. Relevant literature was searched from the database to summarize the prenatal phenotype of BOFS patients. This study was approved by the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Ethics No. KS-2018-KY-36).Results:Ultrasound exam suggested the fetus had cleft lip and palate. Its father had presented with high palatal arch, prematurely grayed hair, occult cleft lip, congenital preauricular fistula, red-green color blindness and unilateral renal agenesis. Its grandfather also had high palatal arch, prematurely gray hair, protruding ears, congenital preauricular fistula and hearing disorders. Trio-WES revealed that the fetus and its father had both harbored a heterozygous c. 890-1G>A variant of the TFAP2A gene. The same variant was not found in its mother. Sanger sequencing confirmed that its grandfather had also harbored the same variant. Based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), the variant was rated as likely pathogenic (PVS1+ PM2_Supporting). Combined with 36 similar cases retrieved from the literature, the prenatal phenotypes of BOFS patients had included growth restriction (25/37), renal abnormalities (10/37), cleft lip and palate (5/37) and oligohydramnios (5/37). Conclusion:The c. 890-1G>A variant of the TFAP2A gene probably underlay the pathogenesis of BOFS in this pedigree. Discovery of the novel variant has enriched the mutational spectrum of the TFAP2A gene. The common prenatal phenotypes of BOFS have included growth restriction, renal abnormalities, cleft lip and palate and oligohydramnios. Delineation of the intrauterine phenotype of BOFS may facilitate its prenatal diagnosis, clinical diagnosis, treatment and genetic counseling.
