Adaptive Bird-like Genome Miniaturization During the Evolution of Scallop Swimming Lifestyle
- Author:
Li YULI
1
,
2
;
Liu YARAN
;
Yu HONGWEI
;
Liu FUYUN
;
Han WENTAO
;
Zeng QIFAN
;
Zhang YUEHUAN
;
Zhang LINGLING
;
Hu JINGJIE
;
Bao ZHENMIN
;
Wang SHI
Author Information
1. Sars-Fang Centre&MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding,College of Marine Life Sciences,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China
2. Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology,Pilot Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266237,China
- Keywords:
Genome size;
Lifestyle evolution;
Genome sequencing;
Scallop;
Bird
- From:
Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics
2022;(6):1066-1077
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Genome miniaturization drives key evolutionary innovations of adaptive traits in verte-brates,such as the flight evolution of birds.However,whether similar evolutionary processes exist in invertebrates remains poorly understood.Derived from the second-largest animal phylum,scallops are a special group of bivalve molluscs and acquire the evolutionary novelty of the swimming lifestyle,providing excellent models for investigating the coordinated genome and lifestyle evolution.Here,we show for the first time that genome sizes of scallops exhibit a generally negative correlation with loco-motion activity.To elucidate the co-evolution of genome size and swimming lifestyle,we focus on the Asian moon scallop(Amusium pleuronectes)that possesses the smallest known scallop genome while being among scallops with the highest swimming activity.Whole-genome sequencing of A.pleuronectes reveals highly conserved chromosomal macrosynteny and microsynteny,suggestive of a highly con-tracted but not degenerated genome.Genome reduction of A.pleuronectes is facilitated by significant inactivation of transposable elements,leading to reduced gene length,elevated expression of genes involved in energy-producing pathways,and decreased copy numbers and expression levels of biomineralization-related genes.Similar evolutionary changes of relevant pathways are also observed for bird genome reduction with flight evolution.The striking mimicry of genome miniaturization underlying the evolution of bird flight and scallop swimming unveils the potentially common,pivotal role of genome size fluctuation in the evolution of novel lifestyles in the animal kingdom.
