Investigation on occupational hazards in 20 automobile manufacturing enterprises in Shandong Province
10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20200509-00245
- VernacularTitle:山东省20家汽车制造企业职业病危害现况调查
- Author:
Jinlong MEN
1
;
Jingyao MEN
;
Yujun ZHANG
;
Liang ZHAO
;
Juan ZHANG
;
Zhihu ZHANG
;
Dong ZHANG
;
Hua SHAO
;
Qiying LU
Author Information
1. 250062 济南，山东省职业卫生与职业病防治研究院，山东第一医科大学（山东省医学科学院）
- Keywords:
Occupational exposure;
Automobile manufacturing enterprises;
Welding fumes;
Manganese and its compounds;
Benzene, Toluene, Xylene;
Detection
- From:
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases
2021;39(3):198-202
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To investigate the current situation of occupational hazards in automobile manufacturing enterprises in Shandong Province.Methods:From February to May 2019, the convenience sampling method was adopted to conduct on-site occupational health surveys with 20 automobile manufacturing enterprises in Shandong Province as the survey subjects, to detect the occupational hazard factors in the workplaces and individual exposure levels, and to analyze the occupational health check results of operators.Results:There were 13 small-sized, 4 medium-sized and 3 large-sized enterprises among the 20 automobile manufacturing enterprises. The detection results of benzene and toluene in the workplaces met the occupational exposure limits, and the detection results of welding fumes, manganese and its compounds, and xylene exceed the occupational exposure limits. The maximum short-term exposure concentration ( CSTE) of welding fume in the air of workplaces was 24.23 mg/m 3, and the over-standard rate was 11.0% (16/146) . The maximum time-weighted average concentration ( CTWA) of welding fume of operators is 10.60 mg/m 3, and the over-standard rate was 11.0% (8/73) . The maximum CSTE of manganese and its compounds in the air of workplaces was 0.879 mg/m 3, and the of manganese and its compounds of operators was 0.175 mg/m 3, and the over-standard rate was 5.7% (4/70) . The maximum xylene CSTE in the air of workplaces was 230.00 mg/m 3, and the over-standard rate was 3.9% (2/51) . The maximum xylene CTWA of operators was 70.40 mg/m 3, the over-standard rate was 3.6% (1/28) . Among the 4775 workers exposed to occupational hazards, 38 (0.80%) were suspected of electric welder's pneumoconiosis, 27 (0.57%) were suspected of manganese poisoning and 31 (0.65%) were suspected of chronic low-concentration benzene and benzene series poisoning. The detection rates of suspected occupational diseases among workers in small and medium-sized enterprises were relatively high, 2.86% (30/1048) and 4.51% (51/1132) respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the detection rates of suspected occupational diseases among the operators of different scale automobile manufacturers ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:The exposure levels of electric welding fumes, manganese and its compounds in welding jobs and xylene exposure levels in spray painting jobsin Shandong Province's automobile manufacturing enterprises are more serious. The supervision and management of occupational hygiene should be strengthened, the working environment should be improved, and the health of welding and painting workers should be protected.
