Prevalence and Risk Factors of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
10.4093/dmj.2016.40.4.297
- Author:
Jun Ouk HA
1
;
Tae Hee LEE
;
Chang Won LEE
;
Ja Young PARK
;
Seong Ho CHOI
;
Hee Seung PARK
;
Jae Seung LEE
;
Seung Heon LEE
;
Eun Hee SEO
;
Young Hwan KIM
;
Young Woo KANG
Author Information
1. Department of Internal Medicine, Busan St. Mary's Hospital, Busan, Korea. koje94@hanmail.net
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
Diabetes mellitus;
Diabetic neuropathy;
Gastroesophageal reflux
- MeSH:
Case-Control Studies;
Classification;
Diabetes Complications;
Diabetes Mellitus;
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*;
Diabetic Neuropathies;
Endoscopy, Digestive System;
Gastroesophageal Reflux*;
Glucose;
Humans;
Korea;
Medical Records;
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases;
Physical Examination;
Prevalence*;
Risk Factors*
- From:Diabetes & Metabolism Journal
2016;40(4):297-307
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
BACKGROUND: Gastrointestinal symptoms are common in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in Korea appears to be increasing. Some studies have shown that T2DM is a risk factor for symptomatic GERD. However, this possibility is still debated, and the pathogenesis of GERD in T2DM is not yet fully understood. The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence and risk factors (including autonomic neuropathy) of GERD in patients with T2DM. METHODS: This cross-sectional case-control study enrolled T2DM patients (n=258) and healthy controls (n=184). All participants underwent physical examinations and laboratory tests. We evaluated medical records and long-term diabetes complications, including peripheral and autonomic neuropathy in patients with T2DM. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy was performed in all patients. The Los Angeles (LA) classification was used to grade GERD. GERD was defined as LA grade A (or higher) or minimal change with GERD symptoms. GERD symptoms were examined using a frequency scale. Data were expressed as mean±standard error. Independent t-tests or chi-square tests were used to make comparisons between groups. RESULTS: The prevalence of GERD (32.6% vs. 35.9%, P=0.266) and GERD symptoms (58.8% vs. 59.2%, P=0.503) was not significantly different between T2DM patients and controls. We found no significant differences between T2DM patients with GERD and T2DM patients without GERD with respect to diabetic complications, including autonomic neuropathy, peripheral neuropathy, duration of DM, and glucose control. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of GERD in patients with T2DM showed no difference from that of controls. GERD was also not associated with peripheral and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy, age, or duration of DM in patients with T2DM.
