Sedative and analgesic effects of intravenous xylazine and tramadol on horses.
10.4142/jvs.2011.12.3.281
- Author:
Jong Pil SEO
1
;
Won Gyun SON
;
Sujin GANG
;
Inhyung LEE
Author Information
1. Department of Veterinary Surgery/Anesthesiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea. inhyunglee@snu.ac.kr
- Publication Type:Original Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Keywords:
analgesia;
horse;
sedation;
tramadol;
xylazine
- MeSH:
Analgesics, Opioid/administration & dosage/*pharmacology;
Animals;
Blood Pressure;
Drug Therapy, Combination;
Female;
Heart Rate;
Horses/*physiology;
Hypnotics and Sedatives/administration & dosage/*pharmacology;
Male;
Respiratory Rate;
Tramadol/administration & dosage/*pharmacology;
Xylazine/administration & dosage/*pharmacology
- From:Journal of Veterinary Science
2011;12(3):281-286
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
This study was performed to evaluate the sedative and analgesic effects of xylazine (X) and tramadol (T) intravenously (IV) administered to horses. Six thoroughbred saddle horses each received X (1.0 mg/kg), T (2.0 mg/kg), and a combination of XT (1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg, respectively) IV. Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), rectal temperature (RT), indirect arterial pressure (IAP), capillary refill time (CRT), sedation, and analgesia (using electrical stimulation and pinprick) were measured before and after drug administration. HR and RR significantly decreased from basal values with X and XT treatments, and significantly increased with T treatment (p < 0.05). RT and IAP also significantly increased with T treatment (p < 0.05). CRT did not change significantly with any treatments. The onset of sedation and analgesia were approximately 5 min after both X and XT treatments; however, the XT combination produced a longer duration of sedation and analgesia than X alone. Two horses in the XT treatment group displayed excited transient behavior within 5 min of drug administration. The results suggest that the XT combination is useful for sedation and analgesia in horses. However, careful monitoring for excited behavior shortly after administration is recommended.
